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Recent numerical simulations of a disordered system (Preprint arXiv:condmat/0307554) have shown the existence of two different relaxational processes (called stimulated and spontaneous) characterizing the relaxation observed in structural…
The concept of thermal machines has evolved from the canonical steam engine to the recently proposed nanoscopic quantum systems as working fluids. The latter obey quantum open system dynamics and frequently operate in non-equilibrium…
We investigate a microscopic motor based on an externally controlled two-level system. One cycle of the motor operation consists of two strokes. Within each stroke, the two-level system is in contact with a given thermal bath and its energy…
We present some novel thermodynamic ideas based on the Maupertuis principle. By considering Hamiltonians written in terms of appropriate action-angle variables we show that thermal states can be characterized by the action variables and by…
We develop a thermodynamical theory to describe the behavior of the entanglement between a single two-level atom with a single mode of the electromagnetic field. The resonant Jaynes-Cummings model is used to study both the entanglement…
An exact reduced dynamical map along with its operator sum representation is derived for a central spin interacting with a thermal spin environment. The dynamics of the central spin shows high sustainability of quantum traits such as…
In traditional thermodynamics, temperature is a local quantity: a subsystem of a large thermal system is in a thermal state at the same temperature as the original system. For strongly interacting systems, however, the locality of…
Heat exchanges are the essence of Thermodynamics. In order to investigate non-equilibrium effects like quantum coherence and correlations in heat flows we introduce the concept of apparent temperature. Its definition is based on the…
How should one define thermodynamic quantities (internal energy, work, heat, etc.) for quantum systems coupled to their environments strongly? We examine three (classically equivalent) definitions of a quantum system's internal energy under…
The context of the present paper is stochastic thermodynamics - an approach to nonequilibrium thermodynamics rooted within the broader framework of stochastic control. In contrast to the classical paradigm of Carnot engines, we herein…
We are investigating the effective heat transfer in complex systems involving porous media and surrounding fluid layers in the context of mathematical homogenization. We differentiate between two fundamentally different cases: Case (a),…
We study two two-level atomic quantum systems (qubits) placed close to a body held at a temperature different from that of the surrounding walls. While at thermal equilibrium the two-qubit dynamics is characterized by not entangled steady…
We employ a novel hydrodynamic framework for active matter coupled to an environment to study the local temperature of an active nematic, assuming proximity to thermal equilibrium. We show that, due to the mechanosensitivity of fuel…
We develop a theory of the effective disorder temperature in glass-forming materials driven away from thermodynamic equilibrium by external forces. Our basic premise is that the slow configurational degrees of freedom of such materials are…
Thermal models have proven to be an useful and simple tool used to make theoretical predictions and data analysis in relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. A new version of these models is presented here, incorporating a…
We consider the thermal and athermal overdamped motion of particles in 1D geometries where discrete internal degrees of freedom (spin) are coupled with the translational motion. Adding a driving velocity that depends on the time-dependent…
Starting from a master equation in a quantum Hamilton form we study analytically a nonequilibrium system which is coupled locally to two heat bathes at different temperatures. Based on a lattice gas description an evolution equation for the…
The equations of fluid motions are considered in the case of internal energy depending on mass density, volume entropy and their spatial derivatives. The model corresponds to domains with large density gradients in which the temperature is…
We analyse non-equilibrium Carnot-like cycles built with a colloidal particle in a harmonic trap, which is immersed in a fluid that acts as a heat bath. Our analysis is carried out in the overdamped regime. The cycle comprises four…
We propose a scheme for a quantum thermal machine made by atoms interacting with a single non-equilibrium electromagnetic field. The field is produced by a simple configuration of macroscopic objects held at thermal equilibrium at different…