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ChatGPT is one of the most popular language models which achieve amazing performance on various natural language tasks. Consequently, there is also an urgent need to detect the texts generated ChatGPT from human written. One of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Han Xu , Jie Ren , Pengfei He , Shenglai Zeng , Yingqian Cui , Amy Liu , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

We study linear regression under covariate shift, where the marginal distribution over the input covariates differs in the source and the target domains, while the conditional distribution of the output given the input covariates is similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Jingfeng Wu , Difan Zou , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Sham M. Kakade

We propose Neural Priming, a technique for adapting large pretrained models to distribution shifts and downstream tasks given few or no labeled examples. Presented with class names or unlabeled test samples, Neural Priming enables the model…

Self-supervised pre-training of large-scale transformer models on text corpora followed by finetuning has achieved state-of-the-art on a number of natural language processing tasks. Recently, Lu et al. (2021, arXiv:2103.05247) claimed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Danielle Rothermel , Margaret Li , Tim Rocktäschel , Jakob Foerster

Transfer learning from ImageNet is the go-to approach when applying deep learning to medical images. The approach is either to fine-tune a pre-trained model or use it as a feature extractor. Most modern architecture contain batch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Fahdi Kanavati , Masayuki Tsuneki

Foundation models refer to architectures trained on vast datasets using autoregressive pre-training from natural language processing to capture intricate patterns and motifs. They were originally developed to transfer such learned knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Nicholas I-Hsien Kuo , Blanca Gallego , Louisa Jorm

The recycling of contrastive language-image pre-trained (CLIP) models as backbones for a large number of downstream tasks calls for a thorough analysis of their transferability implications, especially their well-documented reproduction of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ryan Ramos , Yusuke Hirota , Yuta Nakashima , Noa Garcia

Sentiment transfer aims at revising the input text to satisfy a given sentiment polarity while retaining the original semantic content. The nucleus of sentiment transfer lies in precisely separating the sentiment information from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Yingze Xie , Jie Xu , LiQiang Qiao , Yun Liu , Feiren Huang , Chaozhuo Li

Scaled post-training now drives many of the largest capability gains in language models (LMs), yet its effect on pretrained knowledge remains poorly understood. Not all forgetting is equal: Forgetting one fact (e.g., a U.S. president or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jackson Harmon , Andreas Hochlehnert , Matthias Bethge , Ameya Prabhu

The advent of transformer-based language models has reshaped how AI systems process and generate text. In software engineering (SE), these models now support diverse activities, accelerating automation and decision-making. Yet, evidence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Gianmario Voria , Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh , Gemma Catolino , Fabio Palomba

Previous research has demonstrated that specific states of the climate system can lead to enhanced subseasonal predictability (i.e., state-dependent predictability). However, biases in Earth system models can affect the representation of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Kirsten J. Mayer , Katherine Dagon , Maria J. Molina

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have significantly bolstered the technological world. This paper explores the potential of transfer learning in natural language processing focusing mainly on sentiment analysis. The models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Aman Yadav , Abhishek Vichare

With the emergence of large-scale pre-trained neural networks, methods to adapt such "foundation" models to data-limited downstream tasks have become a necessity. Fine-tuning, preference optimization, and transfer learning have all been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-09 Javan Tahir , Surya Ganguli , Grant M. Rotskoff

Neural networks have a number of shortcomings. Amongst the severest ones is the sensitivity to distribution shifts which allows models to be easily fooled into wrong predictions by small perturbations to inputs that are often imperceivable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Paul Gavrikov , Janis Keuper , Margret Keuper

Recent physics foundation models claim general spatiotemporal forecasting ability, yet their evaluations often collapse performance into a single average score under a fixed training distribution. This makes it difficult to determine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Mengdi Chu , Yang Liu , Ayan Biswas , Han-Wei Shen

Cross-frequency transfer learning (CFTL) has emerged as a popular framework for curating large-scale time series datasets to pre-train foundation forecasting models (FFMs). Although CFTL has shown promise, current benchmarking practices…

Despite the remarkable capabilities of modern large language models (LLMs), the mechanisms behind their problem-solving abilities remain elusive. In this work, we aim to better understand how the learning dynamics of LLM finetuning shapes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Katie Kang , Amrith Setlur , Dibya Ghosh , Jacob Steinhardt , Claire Tomlin , Sergey Levine , Aviral Kumar

Machine Learning (ML) has been a foundational topic in artificial intelligence (AI), providing both theoretical groundwork and practical tools for its exciting advancements. From ResNet for visual recognition to Transformer for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zhuo Huang

The explosion in novel NLP word embedding and deep learning techniques has induced significant endeavors into potential applications. One of these directions is in the financial sector. Although there is a lot of work done in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Tracy Qian , Andy Xie , Camille Bruckmann

Learning from demonstrations (LfD) is an efficient paradigm to train AI agents. But major issues arise when there are differences between (a) the demonstrator's own sensory input, (b) our sensors that observe the demonstrator and (c) the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jalal Etesami , Philipp Geiger