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Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences encode the absolute luminosity distances of GW sources. Once the redshifts of GW sources are known, one can use the distance-redshift relation to constrain cosmological parameters.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-17 Ji-Yu Song , Ling-Feng Wang , Yichao Li , Ze-Wei Zhao , Jing-Fei Zhang , Wen Zhao , Xin Zhang

Spectral-sirens inference enables the extraction of cosmological parameters from gravitational-wave data alone, without electromagnetic counterparts or galaxy catalogs. We introduce new parametric mass functions for the binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Tom Bertheas , Vasco Gennari , Danièle Steer , Nicola Tamanini

The discovery of the gravitational-wave event GW170817 from a binary neutron star merger, together with its multi-wavelength electromagnetic counterparts, marks the beginning of the era of multi-messenger gravitational wave astronomy.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Wen Zhao , Liang-Gui Zhu , Youjun Lu

We study the impact of environmental effects on the measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) from gravitational wave (GW) observations of binary black hole mergers residing in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) near the central supermassive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Guo-Peng Li , Xi-Long Fan

Accurate estimation of the Hubble constant, and other cosmological parameters, from distances measured by cosmic gravitational wave sirens requires sufficient allowance for the dark energy evolution. We demonstrate how model independent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-17 Ryan E. Keeley , Arman Shafieloo , Benjamin L'Huillier , Eric V. Linder

Simultaneous measurements of distance and redshift can be used to constrain the expansion history of the universe and associated cosmological parameters. Merging binary black hole (BBH) systems are standard sirens---their gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 Will M. Farr , Maya Fishbach , Jiani Ye , Daniel Holz

Gravitational-wave (GW) radiation from a coalescing compact binary is a standard siren as the luminosity distance of each event can be directly measured from the amplitude of the signal. One possibility to constrain cosmology using the GW…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Hang Yu , Brian Seymour , Yijun Wang , Yanbei Chen

The possible existence of primordial black holes (PBHs) is an open question in modern cosmology. Among the probes to test it, gravitational waves (GW) coming from their mergers constitute a powerful tool. In this work, we study how stellar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-22 Sarah Libanore , Michele Liguori , Alvise Raccanelli

Gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens have the potential to measure the Hubble constant $H_0$ in the local universe independently of the distance ladder, and thus offer unique new insights into the Hubble tension. A key challenge with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-24 Jiaming Pan , Dragan Huterer , Camille Avestruz , Damon H. T. Cheung , Emery Trott , Neal Dalal , Donghui Jeong

The first direct detection of neutron-star-black-hole binaries will likely be made with gravitational-wave observatories. Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo will be able to observe neutron-star-black-hole mergers at a maximum distance of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-21 I. W. Harry , A. H. Nitz , Duncan A. Brown , A. Lundgren , Evan Ochsner , D. Keppel

Gravitational-wave (GW) detectors can contribute to the measurement of cosmological parameters and to testing the dark-energy sector of alternatives to $\Lambda$CDM, by using standard sirens. In this paper we focus on binary neutron stars…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-21 Enis Belgacem , Yves Dirian , Stefano Foffa , Eric J. Howell , Michele Maggiore , Tania Regimbau

Precessing black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) binaries produce a rich gravitational wave signal, encoding the binary's nature and inspiral kinematics. Using the lalinference\_mcmc Markov-chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation code, we use two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 R. O'Shaughnessy , B. Farr , E. Ochsner , H. S. Cho , V. Raymond , C. Kim , C. H. Lee

Massive stellar origin black hole binaries (SBHBs), originating from stars above the pair-instability mass gap, are primary candidates for multiband gravitational wave (GW) observations. Here we study the possibility to use them as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Niccolò Muttoni , Alberto Mangiagli , Alberto Sesana , Danny Laghi , Walter Del Pozzo , David Izquierdo-Villalba , Mattia Rosati

Gravitational waves (GWs) are subject to gravitational lensing in the same way as electromagnetic radiation. However, to date, no unequivocal observation of a lensed GW transient has been reported. Independently, GW observatories continue…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-24 Riccardo Buscicchio , Christopher J. Moore , Geraint Pratten , Patricia Schmidt , Matteo Bianconi , Alberto Vecchio

The use of gravitational wave standard sirens for cosmological analyses is becoming well known, with particular interest in measuring the Hubble constant, $H_0$, and in shedding light on the current tension between early- and late-time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-28 Rachel Gray , Chris Messenger , John Veitch

The short gravitational wave signal from the merger of compact binaries encodes a surprising amount of information about the strong-field dynamics of merger into frequencies accessible to ground-based interferometers. In this paper we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-14 R. O'Shaughnessy , L. London , J. Healy , D. Shoemaker

We search for gravitational wave (GW) events from LIGO-Virgo's third run that may have been affected by gravitational lensing. Gravitational lensing delays the arrival of GWs, and alters their amplitude -- thus biasing the inferred…

Detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron star-black hole (NSBH) standard sirens can provide local measurements of the Hubble constant ($H_0$), regardless of the detection of an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart: The presence of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-26 B. Shiralilou , G. Raaijmakers , B. Duboeuf , S. Nissanke , F. Foucart , T. Hinderer , A. Williamson

Gravitational wave (GW) observations of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers can be used to measure luminosity distances and hence, when coupled with estimates for the mergers' host redshifts, infer the Hubble constant, $H_0$. These…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 Daniel J. Mortlock , Stephen M. Feeney , Hiranya V. Peiris , Andrew R. Williamson , Samaya M. Nissanke

The direct detections of gravitational waves (GW) from merging binary black holes (BBH) by aLIGO have brought us a new opportunity to utilize BBH for a measurement of the Hubble constant. In this paper, we point out that there exists a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-22 Atsushi Nishizawa