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The most advanced future AI systems will first be deployed inside the frontier AI companies developing them. According to these companies and independent experts, AI systems may reach or even surpass human intelligence and capabilities by…

This paper presents an international treaty to reduce risks from the development of advanced artificial intelligence (AI). The main provision of the treaty is a global compute cap: a ban on the development of AI systems above an agreed-upon…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Andrea Miotti

Algorithms are becoming more widely used in business, and businesses are becoming increasingly concerned that their algorithms will cause significant reputational or financial damage. We should emphasize that any of these damages stem from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Ramya Akula , Ivan Garibay

As AI agents increasingly operate in complex environments, ensuring reliable, context-aware privacy is critical for regulatory compliance. Traditional access controls are insufficient because privacy risks often arise after access is…

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

The rapid integration of agentic AI into high-stakes real-world applications requires robust oversight mechanisms. The emerging field of AI Control (AIC) aims to provide such an oversight mechanism, but practical adoption depends heavily on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mikhail Terekhov , Zhen Ning David Liu , Caglar Gulcehre , Samuel Albanie

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show enormous potential for advancing personalized medicine. However, BCIs also introduce new avenues for cyber-attacks or security compromises. In this article, we analyze the problem and make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Tyler Schroder , Renee Sirbu , Sohee Park , Jessica Morley , Sam Street , Luciano Floridi

Risk thresholds provide a measure of the level of risk exposure that a society or individual is willing to withstand, ultimately shaping how we determine the safety of technological systems. Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the first…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Heidy Khlaaf , Sarah Myers West

Quantum computing is an emerging technology with potentially far-reaching implications for national prosperity and security. Understanding the timeframes over which economic benefits and national security risks may manifest themselves is…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize various sectors, yet its adoption is often hindered by concerns about data privacy, security, and the understanding of AI capabilities. This paper synthesizes AI governance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Dian W. Tjondronegoro

Recent events surrounding the relationship between frontier AI suppliers and national-security customers have made a structural problem newly visible: once a privately governed model becomes embedded in military workflows, the supplier can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Peng Wei , Wesley Shu

Advanced AI systems offer substantial benefits but also introduce risks. In 2025, AI-enabled cyber offense has emerged as a concrete example. This technical report applies a quantitative risk modeling methodology (described in full in a…

Quantum computing is an emerging computing paradigm that can potentially transform several application areas by solving some of the intractable problems from classical domain. Similar to classical computing systems, quantum computing stack…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Swaroop Ghosh , Suryansh Upadhyay , Abdullah Ash Saki

AI Assurance -- producing the machine-readable evidence required to demonstrate compliance with AI governance frameworks -- has mature policy scaffolding but lacks the infrastructure to operationalize it. Organizations building high-risk AI…

Financial institutions face increasing cyber risk while operating under strict regulatory oversight. To manage this risk, they rely heavily on Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) to inform detection, response, and strategic security decisions.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Emir Karaosman , Advije Rizvani , Irdin Pekaric

Reducing the number of failures in a production system is one of the most challenging problems in technology driven industries, such as, the online retail industry. To address this challenge, change management has emerged as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Binay Gupta , Anirban Chatterjee , Harika Matha , Kunal Banerjee , Lalitdutt Parsai , Vijay Agneeswaran

This research investigates the potential implications of quantum technology on accounting information systems, and business overall. This endeavor focuses on the vulnerabilities of quantum computers and the emergence of quantum-resistant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-21 Maksym Lazirko

Accuracy is an important concern for suppliers of artificial intelligence (AI) services, but considerations beyond accuracy, such as safety (which includes fairness and explainability), security, and provenance, are also critical elements…

Know your customer (KYC) processes place a great burden on banks, because they are costly, inefficient, and inconvenient for customers. While blockchain technology is often mentioned as a potential solution, it is not clear how to use the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Vincent Schlatt , Johannes Sedlmeir , Simon Feulner , Nils Urbach

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani
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