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The rise of personal assistants has made conversational question answering (ConvQA) a very popular mechanism for user-system interaction. State-of-the-art methods for ConvQA over knowledge graphs (KGs) can only learn from crisp…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Magdalena Kaiser , Rishiraj Saha Roy , Gerhard Weikum

Conversational question answering (convQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about information contained in a KG. State-of-the-art methods of ConvQA often struggle with inexplicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Lihui Liu , Blaine Hill , Boxin Du , Fei Wang , Hanghang Tong

This paper proposes a novel training method to improve the robustness of Extractive Question Answering (EQA) models. Previous research has shown that existing models, when trained on EQA datasets that include unanswerable questions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Son Quoc Tran , Matt Kretchmar

This paper addresses the task of conversational question answering (ConvQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs). The majority of existing ConvQA methods rely on full supervision signals with a strict assumption of the availability of gold logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Endri Kacupaj , Kuldeep Singh , Maria Maleshkova , Jens Lehmann

Conversational Question Answering (CQA) aims to answer questions contained within dialogues, which are not easily interpretable without context. Developing a model to rewrite conversational questions into self-contained ones is an emerging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Zhiyu Chen , Jie Zhao , Anjie Fang , Besnik Fetahu , Oleg Rokhlenko , Shervin Malmasi

Conversational question answering (ConvQA) over law knowledge bases (KBs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about law and hope to find answers in the law knowledge base. Despite many methods have been proposed.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Mi Wu

Despite significant progress in Visual Question Answering over the years, robustness of today's VQA models leave much to be desired. We introduce a new evaluation protocol and associated dataset (VQA-Rephrasings) and show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Meet Shah , Xinlei Chen , Marcus Rohrbach , Devi Parikh

Generating grounded and trustworthy responses remains a key challenge for large language models (LLMs). While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with citation-based grounding holds promise, instruction-tuned models frequently fail even in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shang Hong Sim , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , Hai Leong Chieu , Amir Zadeh , Chuan Li , Navonil Majumder , Soujanya Poria

This article presents a hybrid approach based on a Grounded Text Generation (GTG) model to building robust task bots at scale. GTG is a hybrid model which uses a large-scale Transformer neural network as its backbone, combined with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Jianfeng Gao , Baolin Peng , Chunyuan Li , Jinchao Li , Shahin Shayandeh , Lars Liden , Heung-Yeung Shum

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems traditionally employ sophisticated training strategies to enhance robustness against retrieval noise. In this work, we investigate a critical question: does the benefit of these complex robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hanxing Ding , Shuchang Tao , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Liwei Chen , Kun Xu , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Question answering (QA) models for reading comprehension have achieved human-level accuracy on in-distribution test sets. However, they have been demonstrated to lack robustness to challenge sets, whose distribution is different from that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Kazutoshi Shinoda , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Reinforcement learning has recently shown promise in improving retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Despite these advances, its effectiveness in multi-hop question answering (QA) remains limited by two fundamental limitations: (i) global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jinchang Luo , Mingquan Cheng , Fan Wan , Ni Li , Xiaoling Xia , Shuangshuang Tian , Tingcheng Bian , Haiwei Wang , Haohuan Fu , Yan Tao

In conversational question answering (CQA), the task of question rewriting~(QR) in context aims to rewrite a context-dependent question into an equivalent self-contained question that gives the same answer. In this paper, we are interested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Hai Ye , Hwee Tou Ng , Wenjuan Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) aims to generate more reliable and accurate responses, by augmenting large language models (LLMs) with the external vast and dynamic knowledge. Most previous work focuses on using RAG for single-round…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Linhao Ye , Zhikai Lei , Jianghao Yin , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Liang He

The dependency between an adequate question formulation and correct answer selection is a very intriguing but still underexplored area. In this paper, we show that question rewriting (QR) of the conversational context allows to shed more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Svitlana Vakulenko , Shayne Longpre , Zhucheng Tu , Raviteja Anantha

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective method for synthesizing data to train question-answering systems. For training, fine-tuning GPT models is a common practice in resource-rich languages like English, however, it becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Kosuke Takahashi , Takahiro Omi , Kosuke Arima , Tatsuya Ishigaki

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle when prompted to generate content under specific constraints. However, in such cases it is often easy to check whether these constraints are satisfied or violated. Recent works have shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Liat Bezalel , Eyal Orgad , Amir Globerson

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) is a promising approach for mitigating LLM hallucination by grounding reasoning in structured and verifiable knowledge graphs. Existing approaches fall into two paradigms: retrieval-based methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Bo Yuan , Hexuan Deng , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

Compared to standard retrieval tasks, passage retrieval for conversational question answering (CQA) poses new challenges in understanding the current user question, as each question needs to be interpreted within the dialogue context.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Zeqiu Wu , Yi Luan , Hannah Rashkin , David Reitter , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Mari Ostendorf , Gaurav Singh Tomar

Conversational search systems require effective handling of context-dependent queries that often contain ambiguity, omission, and coreference. Conversational Query Reformulation (CQR) addresses this challenge by transforming these queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Changtai Zhu , Siyin Wang , Ruijun Feng , Kai Song , Xipeng Qiu
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