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We describe a modern deep learning system that automatically identifies informative contextual examples (\qu{contexts}) for first language vocabulary instruction for high school student. Our paper compares three modeling approaches: (i) an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Tao Wu , Adam Kapelner

Real-world systems are often formulated as constrained optimization problems. Techniques to incorporate constraints into Neural Networks (NN), such as Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs), have been used. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 C. Coelho , M. Fernanda P. Costa , L. L. Ferrás

Developing 3D vision-language models with robust clinical reasoning remains a challenge due to the inherent complexity of volumetric medical imaging, the tendency of models to overfit superficial report patterns, and the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Haoran Lai , Zihang Jiang , Kun Zhang , Qingsong Yao , Rongsheng Wang , Zhiyang He , Xiaodong Tao , Wei Wei , Shaohua Kevin Zhou

Methods to learn under algorithmic triage have predominantly focused on supervised learning settings where each decision, or prediction, is independent of each other. Under algorithmic triage, a supervised learning model predicts a fraction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Eleni Straitouri , Adish Singla , Vahid Balazadeh Meresht , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez

Weakly supervised point cloud semantic segmentation methods that require 1\% or fewer labels, hoping to realize almost the same performance as fully supervised approaches, which recently, have attracted extensive research attention. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Tianfang Sun , Zhizhong Zhang , Xin Tan , Yanyun Qu , Yuan Xie , Lizhuang Ma

Audio-text retrieval aims at retrieving a target audio clip or caption from a pool of candidates given a query in another modality. Solving such cross-modal retrieval task is challenging because it not only requires learning robust feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-01 Xinhao Mei , Xubo Liu , Jianyuan Sun , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Accurate stereo depth estimation plays a critical role in various 3D tasks in both indoor and outdoor environments. Recently, learning-based multi-view stereo methods have demonstrated competitive performance with a limited number of views.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Uday Kusupati , Shuo Cheng , Rui Chen , Hao Su

Variants of Triplet networks are robust entities for learning a discriminative embedding subspace. There exist different triplet mining approaches for selecting the most suitable training triplets. Some of these mining methods rely on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-05 Milad Sikaroudi , Benyamin Ghojogh , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley , H. R. Tizhoosh

The currently leading artificial neural network models of the visual ventral stream - which are derived from a combination of performance optimization and robustification methods - have demonstrated a remarkable degree of behavioral…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Morgan B. Talbot , Gabriel Kreiman , James J. DiCarlo , Guy Gaziv

Modern DNN-based recommendation systems rely on training-derived embeddings of sparse features. Input sparsity makes obtaining high-quality embeddings for rarely-occurring categories harder as their representations are updated infrequently.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Zihao Deng , Benjamin Ghaemmaghami , Ashish Kumar Singh , Benjamin Cho , Leo Orshansky , Mattan Erez , Michael Orshansky

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with cross-lingual tasks due to data imbalances between high-resource and low-resource languages, as well as monolingual bias in pre-training. Existing methods, such as bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Weihua Zheng , Chang Liu , Zhengyuan Liu , Xin Huang , Kui Wu , Muhammad Huzaifah Md Shahrin , Aiti Aw , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Embedding-based retrieval models have made significant strides in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques for text and multimodal large language models (LLMs) applications. However, when it comes to speech larage language models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Chunyu Sun , Bingyu Liu , Zhichao Cui , Junhan Shi , Anbin Qi , Tian-hao Zhang , Dinghao Zhou , Lewei Lu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) grounds large language models (LLMs) in up-to-date external evidence, yet existing multi-hop RAG pipelines still issue redundant subqueries, explore too shallowly, or wander through overly long search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yuelyu Ji , Rui Meng , Zhuochun Li , Daqing He

Self-supervised pre-training recently demonstrates success on large-scale multimodal data, and state-of-the-art contrastive learning methods often enforce the feature consistency from cross-modality inputs, such as video/audio or video/text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Junru Wu , Yi Liang , Feng Han , Hassan Akbari , Zhangyang Wang , Cong Yu

In this work, we evaluate two different image clustering objectives, k-means clustering and correlation clustering, in the context of Triplet Loss induced feature space embeddings. Specifically, we train a convolutional neural network to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Kalun Ho , Janis Keuper , Franz-Josef Pfreundt , Margret Keuper

Until recently, the number of public real-world text images was insufficient for training scene text recognizers. Therefore, most modern training methods rely on synthetic data and operate in a fully supervised manner. Nevertheless, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Aviad Aberdam , Roy Ganz , Shai Mazor , Ron Litman

We present an analysis of large-scale pretrained deep learning models used for cross-modal (text-to-audio) retrieval. We use embeddings extracted by these models in a metric learning framework to connect matching pairs of audio and text.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Benno Weck , Miguel Pérez Fernández , Holger Kirchhoff , Xavier Serra

Retrieval is a widely adopted approach for improving language models leveraging external information. As the field moves towards multi-modal large language models, it is important to extend the pure text based methods to incorporate other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jari Kolehmainen , Aditya Gourav , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Ariya Rastrow , Grant Strimel , Ivan Bulyko

In this paper we propose a novel modification of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) guidance for the task of unsupervised backlit image enhancement. Our work builds on the state-of-the-art CLIP-LIT approach, which learns a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tatiana Gaintseva , Martin Benning , Gregory Slabaugh

Speech enhancement (SE) is usually required as a front end to improve the speech quality in noisy environments, while the enhanced speech might not be optimal for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems due to speech distortion. On the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-27 Qiu-Shi Zhu , Jie Zhang , Zi-Qiang Zhang , Li-Rong Dai