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The curvature-dimension condition is a generalization of the Bochner inequality to weighted Riemannian manifolds and general metric measure spaces. It is now known to be equivalent to evolution variational inequalities for the heat…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-28 François Bolley , Ivan Gentil , Arnaud Guillin , Kazumasa Kuwada

A common failure mode of density models trained as variational autoencoders is to model the data without relying on their latent variables, rendering these variables useless. Two contributing factors, the underspecification of the model and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-10 Gábor Melis , András György , Phil Blunsom

The Wasserstein distance is a distance between two probability distributions and has recently gained increasing popularity in statistics and machine learning, owing to its attractive properties. One important approach to extending this…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-14 Ryo Okano , Masaaki Imaizumi

Bayesian optimal experimental design (OED) provides a principled framework for selecting observations or experiments. We introduce new Bayesian design criteria based on the expected Wasserstein-$p$ distance between the prior and posterior…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-28 Tapio Helin , Youssef Marzouk , Jose Rodrigo Rojo-Garcia

This paper presents a new approach to the classical problem of quantifying posterior contraction rates (PCRs) in Bayesian statistics. Our approach relies on Wasserstein distance, and it leads to two main contributions which improve on the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Emanuele Dolera , Stefano Favaro , Edoardo Mainini

Given a noisy linear measurement $y = Ax + \xi$ of a distribution $p(x)$, and a good approximation to the prior $p(x)$, when can we sample from the posterior $p(x \mid y)$? Posterior sampling provides an accurate and fair framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhiyang Xun , Shivam Gupta , Eric Price

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have received a tremendous amount of attention in the past few years, and have inspired applications addressing a wide range of problems. Despite its great potential, GANs are difficult to train.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Zhimin Chen , Yuguang Tong

The validation of global climate models is crucial to ensure the accuracy and efficacy of model output. We introduce the spherical convolutional Wasserstein distance to more comprehensively measure differences between climate models and…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-05 Robert C. Garrett , Trevor Harris , Bo Li , Zhuo Wang

Amortised inference enables scalable learning of sequential latent-variable models (LVMs) with the evidence lower bound (ELBO). In this setting, variational posteriors are often only partially conditioned. While the true posteriors depend,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Justin Bayer , Maximilian Soelch , Atanas Mirchev , Baris Kayalibay , Patrick van der Smagt

Let $\mu_N$ be the empirical measure associated to a $N$-sample of a given probability distribution $\mu$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$. We are interested in the rate of convergence of $\mu_N$ to $\mu$, when measured in the Wasserstein distance of…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Nicolas Fournier , Arnaud Guillin

We study the problem of quantifying how far an empirical distribution deviates from Gaussianity under the framework of optimal transport. By exploiting the cone geometry of the relative translation invariant quadratic Wasserstein space, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Binshuai Wang , Peng Wei

Given a collection of multidimensional pairs $\{(X_i,Y_i):1 \leq i\leq n\}$, we study the problem of projecting the associated suitably smoothed empirical measure onto the space of martingale couplings (i.e. distributions satisfying…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Jose Blanchet , Johannes Wiesel , Erica Zhang , Zhenyuan Zhang

We prove rates of convergence and robustness to prior misspecification within a Generalised Variational Inference (GVI) framework with bounded divergences. This addresses a significant open challenge for GVI and Federated GVI that employ a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Terje Mildner , Paris Giampouras , Theodoros Damoulas

We focus on Bayesian inverse problems with Gaussian likelihood, linear forward model, and priors that can be formulated as a Gaussian mixture. Such a mixture is expressed as an integral of Gaussian density functions weighted by a mixing…

Computation · Statistics 2024-08-30 Rafael Flock , Yiqiu Dong , Felipe Uribe , Olivier Zahm

Defining meaningful distances between samples in a dataset is a fundamental problem in machine learning. Optimal Transport (OT) lifts a distance between features (the "ground metric") to a geometrically meaningful distance between samples.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-20 Geert-Jan Huizing , Laura Cantini , Gabriel Peyré

We study posterior contraction rates for mixing measures in homoscedastic location-scale mixture models with infinitely many components. While posterior convergence at the level of densities is well understood, ensuring convergence of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Nicola Bariletto , Dung Le , Alessandro Rinaldo , Nhat Ho

In prescriptive analytics, the decision-maker observes historical samples of $(X, Y)$, where $Y$ is the uncertain problem parameter and $X$ is the concurrent covariate, without knowing the joint distribution. Given an additional covariate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Tianyu Wang , Ningyuan Chen , Chun Wang

We provide new convergence guarantees in Wasserstein distance for diffusion-based generative models, covering both stochastic (DDPM-like) and deterministic (DDIM-like) sampling methods. We introduce a simple framework to analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Eliot Beyler , Francis Bach

We estimate the rate of convergence for the Kantorovich (or Wasserstein) distance between empirical measures of i.i.d. random variables associated with the Laguerre model of order $\alpha$ on $(0,\infty)^N$ and their common law, which is…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Huaiqian Li , Bingyao Wu

A number of researchers have independently introduced topologies on the set of laws of stochastic processes that extend the usual weak topology. Depending on the respective scientific background this was motivated by applications and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Julio Backhoff , Daniel Bartl , Mathias Beiglböck , Johannes Wiesel