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Recent advances in deep learning have significantly elevated weather prediction models. However, these models often falter in real-world scenarios due to their sensitivity to spatial-temporal shifts. This issue is particularly acute in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lu Han , Xu-Yang Chen , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Self-supervised pre-training of a speech foundation model, followed by supervised fine-tuning, has shown impressive quality improvements on automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. Fine-tuning separate foundation models for many downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Zhouyuan Huo , Khe Chai Sim , Bo Li , Dongseong Hwang , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

Machine learning-based seismic processing models are typically trained separately to perform specific seismic processing tasks (SPTs), and as a result, require plenty of training data. However, preparing training data sets is not trivial,…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-09-21 Shijun Cheng , Randy Harsuko , Tariq Alkhalifah

Solving the wave equation is essential to seismic imaging and inversion. The numerical solution of the Helmholtz equation, fundamental to this process, often encounters significant computational and memory challenges. We propose an…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-01 Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is sensitive to the microstructural properties of brain tissue. However, estimating clinically and scientifically relevant microstructural properties from the measured signals remains a highly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Leevi Kerkelä , Kiran Seunarine , Filip Szczepankiewicz , Chris A. Clark

This paper proposes a novel structure-aware matrix completion framework assisted by radial basis function (RBF) interpolation for near-field radio map construction in extremely large multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems. Unlike…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Hao Sun , Xianghao Yu , Junting Chen

Video temporal dynamics is conventionally modeled with 3D spatial-temporal kernel or its factorized version comprised of 2D spatial kernel and 1D temporal kernel. The modeling power, nevertheless, is limited by the fixed window size and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Fuchen Long , Zhaofan Qiu , Yingwei Pan , Ting Yao , Chong-Wah Ngo , Tao Mei

Unsupervised/self-supervised time series representation learning is a challenging problem because of its complex dynamics and sparse annotations. Existing works mainly adopt the framework of contrastive learning with the time-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Ling Yang , Shenda Hong

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a pivotal technique that aligns language models closely with human-centric values. The initial phase of RLHF involves learning human values using a reward model from ranking data. It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Banghua Zhu , Michael I. Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

The versatility of recent machine learning approaches makes them ideal for improvement of next generation video compression solutions. Unfortunately, these approaches typically bring significant increases in computational complexity and are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-18 Luka Murn , Saverio Blasi , Alan F. Smeaton , Marta Mrak

While self-supervised pretraining has proven beneficial for many computer vision tasks, it requires expensive and lengthy computation, large amounts of data, and is sensitive to data augmentation. Prior work demonstrates that models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Colorado J. Reed , Xiangyu Yue , Ani Nrusimha , Sayna Ebrahimi , Vivek Vijaykumar , Richard Mao , Bo Li , Shanghang Zhang , Devin Guillory , Sean Metzger , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell

The hierarchical interpolative factorization (HIF) offers an efficient way for solving or preconditioning elliptic partial differential equations. By exploiting locality and low-rank properties of the operators, the HIF achieves…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Yingzhou Li , Lexing Ying

The semantic segmentation of point clouds is an important part of the environment perception for robots. However, it is difficult to directly adopt the traditional 3D convolution kernel to extract features from raw 3D point clouds because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Guangming Wang , Yehui Yang , Huixin Zhang , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

In this paper, we propose a novel $hr$-adaptive finite element method, enhanced by neural networks, for parabolic equations. The main challenge of the conventional $h$-adaptive finite element method is interpolating the finite element…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Jiaxiong Hao , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi , Peimeng Yin

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) facilitates the alignment of large language models with human preferences, significantly enhancing the quality of interactions between humans and models. InstructGPT implements RLHF through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zheng Yuan , Hongyi Yuan , Chuanqi Tan , Wei Wang , Songfang Huang , Fei Huang

Traditional Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) acquisition methods rely on specialised equipment and acoustic expertise, posing accessibility challenges. Alternatively, high-resolution 3D modelling offers a pathway to numerically…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Ludovic Pirard , Katarina C. Poole , Lorenzo Picinali

Most of mathematic forgetting curve models fit well with the forgetting data under the learning condition of one time rather than repeated. In the paper, a convolution model of forgetting curve is proposed to simulate the memory process…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-25 Yanlu Xie , Yue Chen , Man Li

Hand-crafted spatial features (e.g., inter-channel phase difference, IPD) play a fundamental role in recent deep learning based multi-channel speech separation (MCSS) methods. However, these manually designed spatial features are hard to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Rongzhi Gu , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Lianwu Chen , Yong Xu , Meng Yu , Dan Su , Yuexian Zou , Dong Yu

High-dimensional and incomplete (HDI) data holds tremendous interactive information in various industrial applications. A latent factor (LF) model is remarkably effective in extracting valuable information from HDI data with stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Jinli Li , Ye Yuan

Data Drift is the phenomenon where the generating model behind the data changes over time. Due to data drift, any model built on the past training data becomes less relevant and inaccurate over time. Thus, detecting and controlling for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Subhadip Bandyopadhyay , Joy Bose , Sujoy Roy Chowdhury