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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across multiple clients while preserving data privacy by keeping local datasets on-device. In this work, we address FL settings where clients may behave adversarially, exhibiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Emmanouil Kritharakis , Antonios Makris , Dusan Jakovetic , Konstantinos Tserpes

This paper focuses on the problem of adversarial attacks from Byzantine machines in a Federated Learning setting where non-Byzantine machines can be partitioned into disjoint clusters. In this setting, non-Byzantine machines in the same…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-02 Zhixu Tao , Kun Yang , Sanjeev R. Kulkarni

In this paper, we propose BR-MTRL, a Byzantine-resilient multi-task representation learning framework that handles faulty or malicious agents. Our approach leverages representation learning through a shared neural network model, where all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Tuan Le , Shana Moothedath

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-friendly type of machine learning where devices locally train a model on their private data and typically communicate model updates with a server. In decentralized FL (DFL), peers communicate model…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Joost Verbraeken , Martijn de Vos , Johan Pouwelse

The rise of IoT devices and the uptake of cloud computing have informed a new era of data-driven intelligence. Traditional centralized machine learning models that require a large volume of data to be stored in a single location have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Saloni Garg , Amit Sagtani , Kamal Kant Hiran

The increasing popularity of the federated learning (FL) framework due to its success in a wide range of collaborative learning tasks also induces certain security concerns. Among many vulnerabilities, the risk of Byzantine attacks is of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Kerem Ozfatura , Emre Ozfatura , Alptekin Kupcu , Deniz Gunduz

This paper presents a novel reference architecture for blockchain-enabled federated learning (BCFL), a state-of-the-art approach that amalgamates the strengths of federated learning and blockchain technology.We define smart contract…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Eunsu Goh , Dae-Yeol Kim , Kwangkee Lee , Suyeong Oh , Jong-Eui Chae , Do-Yup Kim

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data, but is vulnerable to Byzantine attacks and data heterogeneity, which can severely degrade performance. Existing Byzantine-robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shiyuan Zuo , Xingrun Yan , Rongfei Fan , Li Shen , Puning Zhao , Jie Xu , Han Hu

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training without sharing raw data, offering strong privacy guarantees. However, existing FL protocols struggle to defend against Byzantine participants, maintain model utility under…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Charuka Herath , Yogachandran Rahulamathavan , Varuna De Silva , Sangarapillai Lambotharan

Blockchain-enabled federated learning (BCFL) addresses fundamental challenges of trust, privacy, and coordination in collaborative AI systems. This chapter provides comprehensive architectural analysis of BCFL systems through a systematic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Murtaza Rangwala , KR Venugopal , Rajkumar Buyya

Federated Learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their private data. However, FL is vulnerable to Byzantine attacks, where adversaries manipulate client models to compromise the federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Baolei Zhang , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Biao Yi , Peizhao Zhou , Yuan Wang , Tong Li , Zheli Liu

In distributed learning systems, robustness issues may arise from two sources. On one hand, due to distributional shifts between training data and test data, the trained model could exhibit poor out-of-sample performance. On the other hand,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Guanqiang Zhou , Ping Xu , Yue Wang , Zhi Tian

Despite the great potential of Federated Learning (FL) in large-scale distributed learning, the current system is still subject to several privacy issues due to the fact that local models trained by clients are exposed to the central…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Truc Nguyen , Phuc Thai , Tre' R. Jeter , Thang N. Dinh , My T. Thai

Federated learning (FL) shows great promise in large scale machine learning, but brings new risks in terms of privacy and security. We propose ByITFL, a novel scheme for FL that provides resilience against Byzantine users while keeping the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yue Xia , Christoph Hofmeister , Maximilian Egger , Rawad Bitar

As the application of federated learning becomes increasingly widespread, the issue of imbalanced training data distribution has emerged as a significant challenge. Federated learning utilizes local data stored on different training clients…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yang Li , Chunhe Xia , Dongchi Huang , Xiaojian Li , Tianbo Wang

In Byzantine robust distributed or federated learning, a central server wants to train a machine learning model over data distributed across multiple workers. However, a fraction of these workers may deviate from the prescribed algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Lie He , Martin Jaggi

As a distributed learning, Federated Learning (FL) faces two challenges: the unbalanced distribution of training data among participants, and the model attack by Byzantine nodes. In this paper, we consider the long-tailed distribution with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yanna Jiang , Baihe Ma , Xu Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Caijun Sun , Wei Ni , Ren Ping Liu

Byzantine attacks during model aggregation in Federated Learning (FL) threaten training integrity by manipulating malicious clients' updates. Existing methods struggle with limited robustness under high malicious client ratios and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yanhua Wen , Lu Ai , Gang Liu , Chuang Li , Jianhao Wei

Byzantine-robust federated learning aims to enable a service provider to learn an accurate global model when a bounded number of clients are malicious. The key idea of existing Byzantine-robust federated learning methods is that the service…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Xiaoyu Cao , Minghong Fang , Jia Liu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Many researchers have proposed replacing the aggregation server in federated learning with a blockchain system to improve privacy, robustness, and scalability. In this approach, clients would upload their updated models to the blockchain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yongding Tian , Zhuoran Guo , Jiaxuan Zhang , Zaid Al-Ars