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Most language understanding models in task-oriented dialog systems are trained on a small amount of annotated training data, and evaluated in a small set from the same distribution. However, these models can lead to system failure or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Jiexi Liu , Ryuichi Takanobu , Jiaxin Wen , Dazhen Wan , Hongguang Li , Weiran Nie , Cheng Li , Wei Peng , Minlie Huang

Multilingual language models (MLLMs) are crucial for handling text across various languages, yet they often show performance disparities due to differences in resource availability and linguistic characteristics. While the impact of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Sina Bagheri Nezhad , Ameeta Agrawal , Rhitabrat Pokharel

This paper explores SynTOD, a new synthetic data generation approach for developing end-to-end Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) Systems capable of handling complex tasks such as intent classification, slot filling, conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Chris Samarinas , Pracha Promthaw , Atharva Nijasure , Hansi Zeng , Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

Slot labeling (SL) is a core component of task-oriented dialogue (ToD) systems, where slots and corresponding values are usually language-, task- and domain-specific. Therefore, extending the system to any new language-domain-task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Evgeniia Razumovskaia , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

The goal of building intelligent dialogue systems has largely been separately pursued under two paradigms: task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems, which perform goal-oriented functions, and open-domain dialogue (ODD) systems, which focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Tom Young , Frank Xing , Vlad Pandelea , Jinjie Ni , Erik Cambria

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, ensuring their effectiveness across multiple languages presents unique challenges. Multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shubham Vatsal , Harsh Dubey , Aditi Singh

Bengali is an underrepresented language in NLP research. However, it remains a challenge due to its unique linguistic structure and computational constraints. In this work, we systematically investigate the challenges that hinder Bengali…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Shimanto Bhowmik , Tawsif Tashwar Dipto , Md Sazzad Islam , Sheryl Hsu , Tahsin Reasat

Dialogue data in real scenarios tend to be sparsely available, rendering data-starved end-to-end dialogue systems trained inadequately. We discover that data utilization efficiency in low-resource scenarios can be enhanced by mining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Shimin Li , Xiaotian Zhang , Yanjun Zheng , Linyang Li , Xipeng Qiu

In recent years, text-to-speech (TTS) has seen impressive advancements through large-scale language models, achieving human-level speech quality. Integrating human feedback has proven effective for enhancing robustness in these systems.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Kangxiang Xia , Xinfa Zhu , Jixun Yao , Lei Xie

Recent research has proposed a series of specialized optimization algorithms for deep multi-task models. It is often claimed that these multi-task optimization (MTO) methods yield solutions that are superior to the ones found by simply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Derrick Xin , Behrooz Ghorbani , Ankush Garg , Orhan Firat , Justin Gilmer

The disparity in language resources poses a challenge in multilingual NLP, with high-resource languages benefiting from extensive data, while low-resource languages lack sufficient data for effective training. Our Contrastive Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Philipp Borchert , Jochen De Weerdt , Marie-Francine Moens

Task-oriented dialogue systems are broadly used in virtual assistants and other automated services, providing interfaces between users and machines to facilitate specific tasks. Nowadays, task-oriented dialogue systems have greatly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Ruolin Su , Biing-Hwang Juang

Contextualizing language technologies beyond a single language kindled embracing multiple modalities and languages. Individually, each of these directions undoubtedly proliferated into several NLP tasks. Despite this momentum, most of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Alborz Geramifard

Recent technological advances have made it possible to build real-time, interactive spoken dialogue systems for a wide variety of applications. However, when users do not respect the limitations of such systems, performance typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Diane J. Litman , Shimei Pan

One of the major drawbacks of modularized task-completion dialogue systems is that each module is trained individually, which presents several challenges. For example, downstream modules are affected by earlier modules, and the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Xiujun Li , Yun-Nung Chen , Lihong Li , Jianfeng Gao , Asli Celikyilmaz

Scaling existing applications and solutions to multiple human languages has traditionally proven to be difficult, mainly due to the language-dependent nature of preprocessing and feature engineering techniques employed in traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Xiaotong Liu , Yingbei Tong , Anbang Xu , Rama Akkiraju

For each goal-oriented dialog task of interest, large amounts of data need to be collected for end-to-end learning of a neural dialog system. Collecting that data is a costly and time-consuming process. Instead, we show that we can use only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Janarthanan Rajendran , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Satinder Singh

Programmable task-oriented dialogue (TOD) agents enable language models to follow structured dialogue policies, but their effectiveness hinges on accurate state tracking. We present PyTOD, an agent that generates executable code to track…

Dialects introduce syntactic and lexical variations in language that occur in regional or social groups. Most NLP methods are not sensitive to such variations. This may lead to unfair behavior of the methods, conveying negative bias towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Maximilian Spliethöver , Sai Nikhil Menon , Henning Wachsmuth

A significant application of Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, is their deployment as chat agents, which respond to human inquiries across a variety of domains. While current LLMs proficiently answer general questions, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Lang Cao