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Accurate survival prediction from histopathology whole-slide images (WSIs) remains challenging due to their gigapixel resolution, strong spatial heterogeneity, and complex survival distributions. We introduce a comprehensive computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ardhendu Sekhar , Vasu Soni , Keshav Aske , Shivam Madnoorkar , Pranav Jeevan , Amit Sethi

Histopathological images provide rich information for disease diagnosis. Large numbers of histopathological images have been digitized into high resolution whole slide images, opening opportunities in developing computational image analysis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Jiayun Li , Wenyuan Li , Anthony Sisk , Huihui Ye , W. Dean Wallace , William Speier , Corey W. Arnold

Vision-and-language pretraining (VLP) in the medical field utilizes contrastive learning on image-text pairs to achieve effective transfer across tasks. Yet, current VLP approaches with the masked modeling strategy face two challenges when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Biao Wu , Yutong Xie , Zeyu Zhang , Minh Hieu Phan , Qi Chen , Ling Chen , Qi Wu

Processing giga-pixel whole slide histopathology images (WSI) is a computationally expensive task. Multiple instance learning (MIL) has become the conventional approach to process WSIs, in which these images are split into smaller patches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Ramin Nakhli , Puria Azadi Moghadam , Haoyang Mi , Hossein Farahani , Alexander Baras , Blake Gilks , Ali Bashashati

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) in histopathology pose a significant challenge for extensive medical image analysis due to their ultra-high resolution, massive scale, and intricate spatial relationships. Although existing Multiple Instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jiaxuan Lu , Yuhui Lin , Junyan Shi , Fang Yan , Dongzhan Zhou , Yue Gao , Xiaosong Wang

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a powerful tool to solve the weakly supervised classification in whole slide image (WSI) based pathology diagnosis. However, the current MIL methods are usually based on independent and identical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Zhuchen Shao , Hao Bian , Yang Chen , Yifeng Wang , Jian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji , Yongbing Zhang

Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic decision-making of cancer in pathology clinics can now be carried out based on analysis of multi-gigapixel tissue images, also known as whole-slide images (WSIs). Recently, deep convolutional neural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-08 Quoc Dang Vu , Kashif Rajpoot , Shan E Ahmed Raza , Nasir Rajpoot

Convolutional neural networks can be trained to perform histology slide classification using weak annotations with multiple instance learning (MIL). However, given the paucity of labeled histology data, direct application of MIL can easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Ming Y. Lu , Richard J. Chen , Jingwen Wang , Debora Dillon , Faisal Mahmood

This paper introduces an innovative approach to Medical Vision-Language Pre-training (Med-VLP) area in the specialized context of radiograph representation learning. While conventional methods frequently merge textual annotations into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Hanqi Jiang , Xixuan Hao , Yuzhou Huang , Chong Ma , Jiaxun Zhang , Yi Pan , Ruimao Zhang

Pathology computing has dramatically improved pathologists' workflow and diagnostic decision-making processes. Although computer-aided diagnostic systems have shown considerable value in whole slide image (WSI) analysis, the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yonghuang Wu , Xuan Xie , Xinyuan Niu , Chengqian Zhao , Jinhua Yu

Whole slide imaging (WSI) has transformed digital pathology by enabling computational analysis of gigapixel histopathology images. Recent foundation model advances have accelerated progress in computational pathology, facilitating joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Peihang Wu , Zehong Chen , Lijian Xu

Multimodal survival methods combining gigapixel histology whole-slide images (WSIs) and transcriptomic profiles are particularly promising for patient prognostication and stratification. Current approaches involve tokenizing the WSIs into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Andrew H. Song , Richard J. Chen , Guillaume Jaume , Anurag J. Vaidya , Alexander S. Baras , Faisal Mahmood

The classification of gigapixel histopathology images with deep multiple instance learning models has become a critical task in digital pathology and precision medicine. In this work, we propose a Transformer-based multiple instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Josef Cersovsky , Sadegh Mohammadi , Dagmar Kainmueller , Johannes Hoehne

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is the predominant framework for classifying gigapixel whole-slide images in computational pathology. MIL follows a sequence of 1) extracting patch features, 2) applying a linear layer to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Daniel Shao , Joel Runevic , Richard J. Chen , Drew F. K. Williamson , Ahrong Kim , Andrew H. Song , Faisal Mahmood

Remarkable strides in computational pathology have been made in the task-agnostic foundation model that advances the performance of a wide array of downstream clinical tasks. Despite the promising performance, there are still several…

Whole slide image (WSI) analysis in digital pathology presents unique challenges due to the gigapixel resolution of WSIs and the scarcity of dense supervision signals. While Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a natural fit for slide-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Sofiène Boutaj , Marin Scalbert , Pierre Marza , Florent Couzinie-Devy , Maria Vakalopoulou , Stergios Christodoulidis

We present a pioneering investigation into the application of deep learning techniques to analyze histopathological images for addressing the substantial challenge of automated prognostic prediction. Prognostic prediction poses a unique…

Improving the feature representation ability is the foundation of many whole slide pathological image (WSIs) tasks. Recent works have achieved great success in pathological-specific self-supervised learning (SSL). However, most of them only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Zhimiao Yu , Tiancheng Lin , Yi Xu

Multiple instance (MI) learning with a convolutional neural network enables end-to-end training in the presence of weak image-level labels. We propose a new method for aggregating predictions from smaller regions of the image into an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Heather D. Couture , J. S. Marron , Charles M. Perou , Melissa A. Troester , Marc Niethammer

Artificial intelligence-enabled histopathological data analysis has become a valuable assistant to the pathologist. However, existing models lack representation and inference abilities compared with those of pathologists, especially in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Bo Yu , Hechang Chen , Yunke Zhang , Lele Cong , Shuchao Pang , Hongren Zhou , Ziye Wang , Xianling Cong