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Mitigating climate change requires a transition away from fossil fuels towards renewable energy. As a result, power generation becomes more volatile and options for microgrids and islanded power-grid operation are being broadly discussed.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-09-25 Ulrich Oberhofer , Leonardo Rydin Gorjão , G. Cigdem Yalcin , Oliver Kamps , Veit Hagenmeyer , Benjamin Schäfer

In recent years, the contribution of renewable energy resources to the electrical grid has increased drastically; the most common of these are photovoltaic solar panels and wind turbines. These resources rely on inverters to interface with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 John Slane , Adam Mate

This paper presents a customized microgrid planning algorithm and tool, HyMGP, for remote sites in arid regions, which is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. HyMGP is compared with HOMER Pro to evaluate its…

The ambitious energy target to achieve climate-neutrality in the European Union (EU) energy system raises the feasibility question of using only renewables across all energy sectors. As one of the EU's leading industrialized countries,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-09 Md Nasimul Islam Maruf

This paper proposes an optimal, grid-aware control framework for the islanding, island-operation and resynchronisation of hybrid AC/DC microgrids. The optimal control framework is based on a formally derived linearized load-flow model for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-07 Willem Lambrichts , Jules Mace , Drazen Dujic , Mario Paolone

Energy storage becomes crucial for energy systems with an increasing share of renewable energy sources. Artificial photosynthesis, in particular photovoltaic water splitting, provides both sustainable energy generation and energy storage in…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-04-12 Bugra Turan , Jan-Philipp Becker , Felix Urbain , Friedhelm Finger , Uwe Rau , Stefan Haas

The last decade has witnessed the emergence of hydrovoltaic technology, which can harvest electricity from different forms of water movement, such as raindrops, waves, flows, moisture, and natural evaporation. In particular, the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-04-10 Chunxiao Zheng , Sunmiao Fang , Weicun Chu , Jin Tan , Bingkun Tian , Xiaofeng Jiang , Wanlin Guo

Hydrogen production from water electrolysis, direct air capture (DAC), and synthetic kerosene derived from hydrogen and CO2 (`e-kerosene') are expected to play an important role in global decarbonization efforts. So far, the economics of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-12 Mohamed Atouife , Jesse Jenkins

The transition to net-zero emissions in Europe is determined by a patchwork of country-level and EU-wide policy, creating coordination challenges in an interconnected system. We use an optimisation model to map out near-optimal energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-30 Koen van Greevenbroek , Aleksander Grochowicz , Marianne Zeyringer , Fred Espen Benth

The transition to sustainable energy is critical for addressing global climate change. Hydrogen production, particularly via electrolysis, has emerged as a key solution, offering the potential for low-carbon energy across various sectors.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Niraj Gohil , Alexander Franke , Nawshad Haque , Amro M. Farid

Electrical energy storage is considered essential for the future energy systems. Among all the energy storage technologies, battery systems may provide flexibility to the power grid in a more distributed and decentralized way. In countries…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-13 Yu Hu , David Soler Soneira , María Jesús Sánchez

The vision of electrolytic hydrogen as a clean energy vector prompts the emergence of hydrogen-centric companies that must simultaneously engage in electricity, hydrogen, and green certificate markets while operating complex, geographically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Seyed Amir Mansouri , Kenneth Bruninx

Enabling battery technology has not achieved sufficient maturity to facilitate electric flight for all aircraft models across all distances. Consequently, existing discourse emphasizes electrifying short haul routes using smaller, lighter…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-22 Megan Yeo , Sebastian Nosenzo , Sichen Shawn Chao , Ashley Nunes

In the conversion toward a clear and sustainable energy system, the flexibility of power-to-hydrogen (P2H) production enables the admittance of volatile renewable energies on a utility scale and provides the connected electrical power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Yiwei Qiu , Buxiang Zhou , Tianlei Zang , Yi Zhou , Shi Chen , Ruomei Qi , Jiarong Li , Jin Lin

Electrification of sectors such as land transport and building heating is a cost-effective pathway to deep decarbonization. However, some sectors still require energy-dense fuels -- including aviation, shipping and backup power -- or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-18 Philipp Glaum , Fabian Neumann , Markus Millinger , Tom Brown

Accounting for the anharmonicity of the real interatomic potentials in a model in 1+1 dimensions shows that coherent 3D islands can be formed on the wetting layer in a Stranski-Krastanov growth mode predominantly in compressed overlayers.…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Ivan Markov , Jose Emilio Prieto

To limit the global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius, fossil-free energy systems will be required eventually. To understand how such systems can be designed, the current state-of-the-art is to apply techno-economical optimisation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-05-01 K. Zhu , M. Victoria , G. B. Andresen , M. Greiner

The curtailment of renewable energy is more frequently observed as the renewable penetration levels are rising rapidly in modern power systems. It is a waste of free and green renewable energy and implies current power grids are unable to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Jin Lu , Xingpeng Li

Extensive molecular dynamics computer simulations have been conducted for ethanol-water liquid mixtures in the water-rich side of the composition range, with 10, 20 and 30 mol % of the alcohol, at temperatures between room temperature and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Szilvia Pothoczki , László Pusztai , Imre Bakó

Photosynthesis is nature's route to convert intermittent solar irradiation into storable energy, while its use for an industrial energy supply is impaired by low efficiency. Artificial photosynthesis provides a promising alternative for…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-09-16 Matthias M. May , Hans-Joachim Lewerenz , David Lackner , Frank Dimroth , Thomas Hannappel