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Generative AI tools, including the popular ChatGPT, have had a significant impact on discourses about future work and educational practices. Previous research in science education has highlighted the potential of generative AI in various…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-08-18 Sebastian Kilde-Westberg , Andreas Johansson , Jonas Enger

Transformers have made significant strides across various artificial intelligence domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. This success has naturally garnered considerable interest from both…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-12 Elyas Rashno , Amir Eskandari , Aman Anand , Farhana Zulkernine

Transformers have revolutionized machine learning, yet their inner workings remain opaque to many. We present Transformer Explainer, an interactive visualization tool designed for non-experts to learn about Transformers through the GPT-2…

Transformer architecture has widespread applications, particularly in Natural Language Processing and computer vision. Recently Transformers have been employed in various aspects of time-series analysis. This tutorial provides an overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Sabeen Ahmed , Ian E. Nielsen , Aakash Tripathi , Shamoon Siddiqui , Ghulam Rasool , Ravi P. Ramachandran

Transformers have achieved great success in natural language processing. Due to the powerful capability of self-attention mechanism in transformers, researchers develop the vision transformers for a variety of computer vision tasks, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Bo-Kai Ruan , Hong-Han Shuai , Wen-Huang Cheng

Transformers have had a significant impact on natural language processing and have recently demonstrated their potential in computer vision. They have shown promising results over convolution neural networks in fundamental computer vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rojina Kashefi , Leili Barekatain , Mohammad Sabokrou , Fatemeh Aghaeipoor

Transformer, first applied to the field of natural language processing, is a type of deep neural network mainly based on the self-attention mechanism. Thanks to its strong representation capabilities, researchers are looking at ways to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Kai Han , Yunhe Wang , Hanting Chen , Xinghao Chen , Jianyuan Guo , Zhenhua Liu , Yehui Tang , An Xiao , Chunjing Xu , Yixing Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Yiman Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly tools like OpenAI's popular ChatGPT, is reshaping the landscape of computer science research. Used wisely, these tools can boost the productivity of a computer research scientist. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchan

Generative AI systems have entered everyday academic, professional, and personal life with remarkable speed, yet most users encounter them as mysterious artifacts rather than intelligible systems. This chapter discusses large language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-21 John T. Behrens

In the era of exponential technology growth, one unexpected guest has claimed a seat in classrooms worldwide, Artificial Intelligence. Generative AI, such as ChatGPT, promises a revolution in education, yet it arrives with a double-edged…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Harris Bin Munawar , Nikolaos Misirlis

With the advent of state of the art nature-inspired pure attention based models i.e. transformers, and their success in natural language processing (NLP), their extension to machine vision (MV) tasks was inevitable and much felt.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Abdul Mueed Hafiz , Shabir Ahmad Parah , Rouf Ul Alam Bhat

Generative AI has received much attention in the image and language domains, with the transformer neural network continuing to dominate the state of the art. Application of these models to time series generation is less explored, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Alexander Sommers , Logan Cummins , Sudip Mittal , Shahram Rahimi , Maria Seale , Joseph Jaboure , Thomas Arnold

To test the potential disruptive effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) transformers (e.g., ChatGPT) and their associated Large Language Models on the time allocation process, both in proposal reviewing and grading, an experiment has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-04 T. Jerabkova , H. M. J. Boffin , F. Patat , D. Dorigo , F. Sogni , F. Primas

ChatGPT and other state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming multiple fields, offering powerful tools for a wide range of applications. These models, commonly trained on vast datasets, exhibit human-like text…

Transformers have become the primary architecture for natural language processing. In this study, we explore their use for auto-regressive density estimation in high-energy jet physics, which involves working with a high-dimensional space.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-26 Thorben Finke , Michael Krämer , Alexander Mück , Jan Tönshoff

Transformers, adapted from natural language processing, are emerging as a leading approach for graph representation learning. Contemporary graph transformers often treat nodes or edges as separate tokens. This approach leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Zihan Pengmei , Zimu Li , Chih-chan Tien , Risi Kondor , Aaron R. Dinner

Beginning with McCarthy's Advice Taker (1959), AI has pursued the goal of providing a system with explicit, general knowledge and having the system reason over that knowledge. However, expressing the knowledge in a formal (logical or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Peter Clark , Oyvind Tafjord , Kyle Richardson

Artificial Intelligence and especially Large Language Models (LLM), such as ChatGPT has revolutionized the way educators work. The results we get from LLMs depend on how we ask them to help us. The process and the technique behind an…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-10-13 Dimitrios Gousopoulos

Transformers were initially introduced for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but fast they were adopted by most deep learning fields, including computer vision. They measure the relationships between pairs of input tokens (words in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Robin Courant , Maika Edberg , Nicolas Dufour , Vicky Kalogeiton

This document provides a brief introduction to the attention mechanism used in modern language models based on the Transformer architecture. We first illustrate how text is encoded as vectors and how the attention mechanism processes these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Michel Fabrice Serret