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Test-Time Optimization enables models to adapt to new data during inference by updating parameters on-the-fly. Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have explored learning prompts at test time to improve performance in downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Dhruv Sarkar , Aprameyo Chakrabartty , Bibhudatta Bhanja

Algorithm selection is commonly used to predict the best solver from a portfolio per per-instance. In many real scenarios, instances arrive in a stream: new instances become available over time, while the number of class labels can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mate Botond Nemeth , Emma Hart , Kevin Sim , Quentin Renau

Deep learning models have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of computer vision tasks. However, their performance often degrades significantly when faced with distribution shifts, such as domain or dataset changes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Samuel Barbeau , Pedram Fekri , David Osowiechi , Ali Bahri , Moslem Yazdanpanah , Masih Aminbeidokhti , Christian Desrosiers

With the widespread adoption of deep learning in visual tasks, Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) has become an important paradigm for handling dynamically evolving data distributions. However, CIL faces the core challenge of catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jinge Ma , Fengqing Zhu

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to empower perception systems to handle dynamic distribution shifts encountered after deployment. Existing methods predominantly follow a backward-alignment paradigm, which rigidly aligns incoming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhilin Zhu , Yabin Wang , Zhiheng Ma , Yaguang Song , Yaowei Wang , Xiaopeng Hong

We present a bag of tricks framework for few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL), which is a challenging form of continual learning that involves continuous adaptation to new tasks with limited samples. FSCIL requires both stability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Shuvendu Roy , Chunjong Park , Aldi Fahrezi , Ali Etemad

Diverse instruction data is vital for effective instruction tuning of large language models, as it enables the model to generalize across different types of inputs . Building such diversified instruction dataset is an essential step in this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Simin Ma , Shujian Liu , Jun Tan , Yebowen Hu , Song Wang , Sathish Reddy Indurthi , Sanqiang Zhao , Liwei Wu , Jianbing Han , Kaiqiang Song

Deep models, e.g., CNNs and Vision Transformers, have achieved impressive achievements in many vision tasks in the closed world. However, novel classes emerge from time to time in our ever-changing world, requiring a learning system to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Da-Wei Zhou , Qi-Wei Wang , Zhi-Hong Qi , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan , Ziwei Liu

Class incremental learning (CIL) is a challenging setting of continual learning, which learns a series of tasks sequentially. Each task consists of a set of unique classes. The key feature of CIL is that no task identifier (or task-id) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haowei Lin , Yijia Shao , Weinan Qian , Ningxin Pan , Yiduo Guo , Bing Liu

The rehearsal strategy is widely used to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem in class incremental learning (CIL) by preserving limited exemplars from previous tasks. With imbalanced sample numbers between old and new classes, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Xiuwei Chen , Xiaobin Chang

Class Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to continuously learn new categories while retaining the knowledge of old ones. Pre-trained models (PTMs) show promising capabilities in CIL. However, existing approaches that apply lightweight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Kai Jiang , Zhengyan Shi , Dell Zhang , Hongyuan Zhang , Xuelong Li

Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) aims to adapt the model to new classes from very few data (5 samples) without forgetting the previously learned classes. Recent works in many-shot CIL (MSCIL) (using all available training data)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Dipam Goswami , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Joost van de Weijer

Data augmentation (DA) is a crucial technique for enhancing the sample efficiency of visual reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Notably, employing simple observation transformations alone can yield outstanding performance without extra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guozheng Ma , Linrui Zhang , Haoyu Wang , Lu Li , Zilin Wang , Zhen Wang , Li Shen , Xueqian Wang , Dacheng Tao

Continuous unsupervised representation learning (CURL) research has greatly benefited from improvements in self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques. As a result, existing CURL methods using SSL can learn high-quality representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Alex Gomez-Villa , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Kai Wang , Joost van de Weijer

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to sequentially learn new classes while mitigating catastrophic forgetting of previously learned knowledge. Conventional CIL approaches implicitly assume that classes are morphologically static,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zheng Zhang , Tao Hu , Xueheng Li , Yang Wang , Rui Li , Jie Zhang , Chengjun Xie

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to adapt a model, initially trained on training data, to test data with potential distribution shifts. Most existing TTA methods focus on classification problems. The pronounced success of classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Chang'an Yi , Haotian Chen , Yifan Zhang , Yonghui Xu , Yan Zhou , Lizhen Cui

Many studies combine text and audio to capture multi-modal information but they overlook the model's generalization ability on new datasets. Introducing new datasets may affect the feature space of the original dataset, leading to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yingfei Sun , Xu Gu , Wei Ji , Hanbin Zhao , Yifang Yin , Roger Zimmermann

Continual learning (CL) is a paradigm that aims to replicate the human ability to learn and accumulate knowledge continually without forgetting previous knowledge and transferring it to new tasks. Recent instruction tuning (IT) involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zihan Zhang , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Mohammad-Reza Namazi-Rad

Fully test-time adaptation (FTTA) adapts a model that is trained on a source domain to a target domain during the testing phase, where the two domains follow different distributions and source data is unavailable during the training phase.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Houcheng Su , Daixian Liu , Mengzhu Wang , Wei Wang

Recently, images that distort or fabricate facts using generative models have become a social concern. To cope with continuous evolution of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models, model attribution (MA) is necessary beyond just…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Hanbyul Lee , Juneho Yi
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