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Recent years have seen rapid progress at the intersection between causality and machine learning. Motivated by scientific applications involving high-dimensional data, in particular in biomedicine, we propose a deep neural architecture for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Kai Lagemann , Christian Lagemann , Bernd Taschler , Sach Mukherjee

Learning a Bayesian network (BN) from data can be useful for decision-making or discovering causal relationships. However, traditional methods often fail in modern applications, which exhibit a larger number of observed variables than data…

Computation · Statistics 2018-06-26 Raj Agrawal , Tamara Broderick , Caroline Uhler

Identifying causal relations among multi-variate time series is one of the most important elements towards understanding the complex mechanisms underlying the dynamic system. It provides critical tools for forecasting, simulations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yang Sun , Yifan Xie

Continuous-time Bayesian Networks (CTBNs) represent a compact yet powerful framework for understanding multivariate time-series data. Given complete data, parameters and structure can be estimated efficiently in closed-form. However, if…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-04 Dominik Linzner , Michael Schmidt , Heinz Koeppl

In cognitive radio (CR) technology, the trend of sensing is no longer to only detect the presence of active primary users. A large number of applications demand for more comprehensive knowledge on primary user behaviors in spatial,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Weijia Han , Huiyan Sang , Min Sheng , Jiandong Li , Shuguang Cui

Causal discovery aims to learn causal relationships between variables from targeted data, making it a fundamental task in machine learning. However, causal discovery algorithms often rely on unverifiable causal assumptions, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Huiyang Yi , Yanyan He , Duxin Chen , Mingyu Kang , He Wang , Wenwu Yu

Estimating dependence relationships between variables is a crucial issue in many applied domains, such as medicine, social sciences and psychology. When several variables are entertained, these can be organized into a network which encodes…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-01 Federico Castelletti

The fundamental challenge in causal induction is to infer the underlying graph structure given observational and/or interventional data. Most existing causal induction algorithms operate by generating candidate graphs and evaluating them…

Knowing the causal structure of a system is of fundamental interest in many areas of science and can aid the design of prediction algorithms that work well under manipulations to the system. The causal structure becomes identifiable from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-30 Martin Emil Jakobsen , Rajen D. Shah , Peter Bühlmann , Jonas Peters

The standard approach to answering an identifiable causal-effect query (e.g., $P(Y|do(X)$) when given a causal diagram and observational data is to first generate an estimand, or probabilistic expression over the observable variables, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Anna Raichev , Alexander Ihler , Jin Tian , Rina Dechter

The causal dependence in data is often characterized by Directed Acyclic Graphical (DAG) models, widely used in many areas. Causal discovery aims to recover the DAG structure using observational data. This paper focuses on causal discovery…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Boxin Zhao , Weishi Wang , Dingyuan Zhu , Ziqi Liu , Dong Wang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Mladen Kolar

Learning the causal structure that underlies data is a crucial step towards robust real-world decision making. The majority of existing work in causal inference focuses on determining a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) or a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yashas Annadani , Jonas Rothfuss , Alexandre Lacoste , Nino Scherrer , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Stefan Bauer

Structural causal models describe how the components of a robotic system interact. They provide both structural and functional information about the relationships that are present in the system. The structural information outlines the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Alejandro Murillo-Gonzalez , Junhong Xu , Lantao Liu

Estimating causal interactions in complex dynamical systems is an important problem encountered in many fields of current science. While a theoretical solution for detecting the causal interactions has been previously formulated in the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-01-20 Jakub Kořenek , Jaroslav Hlinka

Understanding causality helps to structure interventions to achieve specific goals and enables predictions under interventions. With the growing importance of learning causal relationships, causal discovery tasks have transitioned from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Hang Chen , Keqing Du , Xinyu Yang , Chenguang Li

Causal learning from data has received much attention recently. Bayesian networks can be used to capture causal relationships. There, one recovers a weighted directed acyclic graph in which random variables are represented by vertices, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Georgios Korpas , Jakub Marecek

Inferring causal relationships from observed data is an important task, yet it becomes challenging when the data is subject to various external interferences. Most of these interferences are the additional effects of external factors on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ruichu Cai , Xiaokai Huang , Wei Chen , Zijian Li , Zhifeng Hao

Continual Learning is a learning paradigm where learning systems are trained with sequential or streaming tasks. Two notable directions among the recent advances in continual learning with neural networks are ($i$) variational Bayes based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Abhishek Kumar , Sunabha Chatterjee , Piyush Rai

Deep neural networks are complex and opaque. As they enter application in a variety of important and safety critical domains, users seek methods to explain their output predictions. We develop an approach to explaining deep neural networks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Michael Harradon , Jeff Druce , Brian Ruttenberg

Causality is receiving increasing attention by the artificial intelligence and machine learning communities. This paper gives an example of modelling a recommender system problem using causal graphs. Specifically, we approached the causal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Emanuele Cavenaghi , Fabio Stella , Markus Zanker