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The recent proposal (M Planat and M Kibler, Preprint 0807.3650 [quantph]) of representing Clifford quantum gates in terms of unitary reflections is revisited. In this essay, the geometry of a Clifford group G is expressed as a BN-pair, i.e.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Michel Planat , Patrick Solé

Uniformly controlled one-qubit gates are quantum gates which can be represented as direct sums of two-dimensional unitary operators acting on a single qubit. We present a quantum gate array which implements any n-qubit gate of this type…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ville Bergholm , Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

We propose a scheme for the fault-tolerant implementation of arbitrary Clifford circuits. To achieve this, we extend previous work on flag gadgets for syndrome extraction to a general framework that flags any Clifford circuit. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Benjamin Anker , Milad Marvian

The Clifford hierarchy is a nested sequence of sets of quantum gates that can be fault-tolerantly performed using gate teleportation within standard quantum error correction schemes. The groups of Pauli and Clifford gates constitute the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Nadish de Silva , Oscar Lautsch

Quantum circuits currently constitute a dominant model for quantum computation. Our work addresses the problem of constructing quantum circuits to implement an arbitrary given quantum computation, in the special case of two qubits. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Stephen S. Bullock , Igor L. Markov

We present a method for optimizing quantum circuit compilation by automating the allocation of auxiliary qubits for multi-qubit gate decompositions. This approach is implemented and evaluated within the high-level quantum programming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Evandro C. R. Rosa , Jerusa Marchi , Eduardo I. Duzzioni , Rafael de Santiago

We propose a general method for preparing stabilizer states with reduced two-qubit gate count and depth compared to the state of the art. The method starts from a graph state representation of the stabilizer state and iteratively reduces…

Equational reasoning is central to quantum circuit optimisation and verification: one replaces subcircuits by provably equivalent ones using a fixed set of rewrite rules viewed as equations. A finite rule set is most informative when it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Colin Blake

Let G(A,B) denote the 2-qubit gate which acts as the 1-qubit SU(2) gates A and B in the even and odd parity subspaces respectively, of two qubits. Using a Clifford algebra formalism we show that arbitrary uniform families of circuits of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-19 Richard Jozsa , Akimasa Miyake

We present two deterministic algorithms to approximate single-qutrit gates. These algorithms utilize the Clifford + $\mathbf{R}$ group to find the best approximation of diagonal rotations. The first algorithm exhaustively searches over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu

In this Letter, we present two analytic expressions that most generally simulate $n$-qubit controlled-$U$ gates with standard one-qubit gates and CNOT gates using exponential and polynomial complexity respectively. Explicit circuits and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-08-27 Yang Liu , Gui Lu Long , Yang Sun

Before executing a quantum algorithm, one must first decompose the algorithm into machine-level instructions compatible with the architecture of the quantum computer, a process known as quantum compiling. There are many different quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Luke Heyfron , Earl T. Campbell

While mapping a quantum circuit to the physical layer one has to consider the numerous constraints imposed by the underlying hardware architecture. Connectivity of the physical qubits is one such constraint that restricts two-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-14 Vlad Gheorghiu , Jiaxin Huang , Sarah Meng Li , Michele Mosca , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

We study the problem of CNOT-optimal quantum circuit synthesis over gate sets consisting of CNOT and Z-basis rotations of arbitrary angles. We show that the circuit-polynomial correspondence relates such circuits to Fourier expansions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-29 Matthew Amy , Parsiad Azimzadeh , Michele Mosca

In this work we propose a novel numerical approach to decompose general quantum programs in terms of single- and two-qubit quantum gates with a $CNOT$ gate count very close to the current theoretical lower bounds. In particular, it turns…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Péter Rakyta , Zoltán Zimborás

In this paper we consider circuit synthesis for n-wire linear reversible circuits using the C-NOT gate library. These circuits are an important class of reversible circuits with applications to quantum computation. Previous algorithms,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-21 K. N. Patel , I. L. Markov , J. P. Hayes

Since an n-qubit circuit consisting of CNOT gates can have up to $\Omega(n^2/\log{n})$ CNOT gates, it is natural to expect that $\Omega(n^2/\log{n})$ Toffoli gates are needed to apply a controlled version of such a circuit. We show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Isaac H. Kim , Tuomas Laakkonen

Multi-controlled gates are fundamental components in the design of quantum algorithms, where efficient decompositions of these operators can enhance algorithm performance. The best asymptotic decomposition of an n-controlled X gate with one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Thiago Melo D. Azevedo , Jefferson D. S. Silva , Adenilton J. da Silva

Quantum circuits consisting of Clifford and matchgates are two classes of circuits that are known to be efficiently simulatable on a classical computer. We introduce a unified framework that shows in a transparent way the special structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Igor Ermakov , Oleg Lychkovskiy , Tim Byrnes

We describe a new method for approximating an arbitrary $n$ qubit unitary with precision $\varepsilon$ using a Clifford and T circuit with $O(4^{n}n(\log(1/\varepsilon)+n))$ gates. The method is based on rounding off a unitary to a unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-14 Vadym Kliuchnikov