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Many recent approaches to natural language tasks are built on the remarkable abilities of large language models. Large language models can perform in-context learning, where they learn a new task from a few task demonstrations, without any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Hongjin Su , Jungo Kasai , Chen Henry Wu , Weijia Shi , Tianlu Wang , Jiayi Xin , Rui Zhang , Mari Ostendorf , Luke Zettlemoyer , Noah A. Smith , Tao Yu

The existing active learning methods select the samples by evaluating the sample's uncertainty or its effect on the diversity of labeled datasets based on different task-specific or model-specific criteria. In this paper, we propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Zhuoming Liu , Hao Ding , Huaping Zhong , Weijia Li , Jifeng Dai , Conghui He

In-context learning (ICL) empowers large language models (LLMs) to tackle new tasks by using a series of training instances as prompts. Since generating the prompts needs to sample from a vast pool of instances and annotate them (e.g., add…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

In-context learning (ICL) is a few-shot learning paradigm that involves learning mappings through input-output pairs and appropriately applying them to new instances. Despite the remarkable ICL capabilities demonstrated by Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Peng Wang , Xiaobin Wang , Chao Lou , Shengyu Mao , Pengjun Xie , Yong Jiang

Large-scale models trained on broad data have recently become the mainstream architecture in computer vision due to their strong generalization performance. In this paper, the main focus is on an emergent ability in large vision models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Yuanhan Zhang , Kaiyang Zhou , Ziwei Liu

In-context learning (ICL) leverages in-context examples as prompts for the predictions of Large Language Models (LLMs). These prompts play a crucial role in achieving strong performance. However, the selection of suitable prompts from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Jian Qian , Miao Sun , Sifan Zhou , Ziyu Zhao , Ruizhi Hun , Patrick Chiang

State-of-the-art machine learning models require access to significant amount of annotated data in order to achieve the desired level of performance. While unlabelled data can be largely available and even abundant, annotation process can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Rahaf Aljundi , Nikolay Chumerin , Daniel Olmeda Reino

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased their In-Context Learning (ICL) capabilities, enabling few-shot learning without the need for gradient updates. Despite its advantages, the effectiveness of ICL heavily depends on the choice of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Vinay M. S. , Minh-Hao Van , Xintao Wu

Large Language Models have recently been applied to text annotation tasks from social sciences, equalling or surpassing the performance of human workers at a fraction of the cost. However, no inquiry has yet been made on the impact of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Louis Abraham , Charles Arnal , Antoine Marie

Pre-trained language models have shown excellent results in few-shot learning scenarios using in-context learning. Although it is impressive, the size of language models can be prohibitive to make them usable in on-device applications, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Navid Rezaei , Marek Z. Reformat

Active learning (AL) aims to optimize model training and reduce annotation costs by selecting the most informative samples for labeling. Typically, AL methods rely on the empirical distribution of labeled data to define the decision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hui Xiang , Jinqiao Shi , Ting Zhang , Xiaojie Zhao , Yong Liu , Yong Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities across a broad range of language-related tasks, including generating solutions to complex reasoning problems. An effective technique to enhance LLM performance is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuzhang Cai , Twumasi Mensah-Boateng , Xander Kuksov , Jing Yuan , Shaojie Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) can adapt to new tasks via in-context learning (ICL). ICL is efficient as it does not require any parameter updates to the trained LLM, but only few annotated examples as input for the LLM. In this work, we…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for data annotation, markedly reducing the labor costs associated with downstream applications. However, existing methods mostly adopt an aggressive strategy by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mingxuan Xia , Haobo Wang , Yixuan Li , Zewei Yu , Jindong Wang , Junbo Zhao , Runze Wu

In-context learning (ICL) is a powerful paradigm emerged from large language models (LLMs). Despite its promises, ICL performance is known to be highly sensitive to input examples. In this work, we use $\textit{in-context influences}$ to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Tai Nguyen , Eric Wong

Effective data selection is critical for efficient training of modern Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper introduces Influence Distillation, a novel, mathematically-justified framework for data selection that employs second-order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mahdi Nikdan , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Dan Alistarh , Vahab Mirrokni

A major challenge in Natural Language Processing is obtaining annotated data for supervised learning. An option is the use of crowdsourcing platforms for data annotation. However, crowdsourcing introduces issues related to the annotator's…

Model selection for a given target task can be costly, as it may entail extensive annotation of the quality of outputs of different models. We introduce DiffUse, an efficient method to make an informed decision between candidate text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Shir Ashury-Tahan , Ariel Gera , Benjamin Sznajder , Leshem Choshen , Liat Ein-Dor , Eyal Shnarch

Transductive learning is a supervised machine learning task in which, unlike in traditional inductive learning, the unlabelled data that require labelling are a finite set and are available at training time. Similarly to inductive learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Lorenzo Volpi , Alejandro Moreo , Fabrizio Sebastiani

Large pretrained language models (LMs) have shown impressive In-Context Learning (ICL) ability, where the model learns to do an unseen task via a prompt consisting of input-output examples as the demonstration, without any parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Jiacheng Ye , Zhiyong Wu , Jiangtao Feng , Tao Yu , Lingpeng Kong
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