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Diffusion models generate new samples by progressively decreasing the noise from the initially provided random distribution. This inference procedure generally utilizes a trained neural network numerous times to obtain the final output,…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in every stage of drug development. Continuing breakthroughs in AI-based methods for drug discovery require the creation, improvement, and refinement of drug discovery data. We posit a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Bing Hu , Ashish Saragadam , Anita Layton , Helen Chen

Face recognition models are trained on large-scale datasets, which have privacy and ethical concerns. Lately, the use of synthetic data to complement or replace genuine data for the training of face recognition models has been proposed.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 David Geissbühler , Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Sébastien Marcel

This study investigates the explainability of generative diffusion models in the context of medical imaging, focusing on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) synthesis. Although diffusion models have shown strong performance in generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Surjo Dey , Pallabi Saikia

Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the generation of realistic data by training generative models on large datasets of text, images, and audio. While these models have demonstrated exceptional performance in generating novel and…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-17 Izumi Takahara , Kiyou Shibata , Teruyasu Mizoguchi

Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Zachary Bogorad , Ibrahim Elsharkawy , Yonatan Kahn , Andrew J. Larkoski , Noam Levi

The latest developments in Artificial Intelligence include diffusion generative models, quite popular tools which can produce original images both unconditionally and, in some cases, conditioned by some inputs provided by the user. Apart…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Stefano Scotta , Alberto Messina

We introduce a novel deep learning approach that harnesses the power of generative artificial intelligence to enhance the accuracy of contextual forecasting in sewerage systems. By developing a diffusion-based model that processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Nicholas A. Pearson , Francesca Cairoli , Luca Bortolussi , Davide Russo , Francesca Zanello

The recent surge in machine learning (ML) methods for geophysical modeling has raised the question of how these methods might be applied to data assimilation (DA). We focus on diffusion modeling (a form of generative artificial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Daniel Hodyss , Matthias Morzfeld

Generative models based on diffusion have become the state of the art in the last few years, notably for image generation. Here, we analyse them in the high-dimensional limit, where data are formed by a very large number of variables. We…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-31 Giulio Biroli , Marc Mézard

The artificial intelligence (AI) world is running out of real data for training increasingly large generative models, resulting in accelerating pressure to train on synthetic data. Unfortunately, training new generative models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Sina Alemohammad , Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Shruti Agarwal , John Collomosse , Richard Baraniuk

Recent advances in generative modeling, namely Diffusion models, have revolutionized generative modeling, enabling high-quality image generation tailored to user needs. This paper proposes a framework for the generative design of structural…

The success of agricultural artificial intelligence depends heavily on large, diverse, and high-quality plant image datasets, yet collecting such data in real field conditions is costly, labor intensive, and seasonally constrained. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Da Tan , Michael Beck , Christopher P. Bidinosti , Robert H. Gulden , Christopher J. Henry

Despite remarkable progress having been made on the problem of 3D human pose and shape estimation (HPS), current state-of-the-art methods rely heavily on either confined indoor mocap datasets or datasets generated by a rendering engine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yongtao Ge , Wenjia Wang , Yongfan Chen , Fanzhou Wang , Lei Yang , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

This study delves into the connection between machine learning and lattice field theory by linking generative diffusion models (DMs) with stochastic quantization, from a stochastic differential equation perspective. We show that DMs can be…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-11-08 Lingxiao Wang , Gert Aarts , Kai Zhou

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models, with their powerful feature learning capabilities, have been applied in many fields. In mobile wireless communications, GenAI can dynamically optimize the network to enhance the user…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Changyuan Zhao , Jiacheng Wang , Ruichen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Dong In Kim , Hongyang Du

Accurate seismic velocity estimations are vital to understanding Earth's subsurface structures, assessing natural resources, and evaluating seismic hazards. Machine learning-based inversion algorithms have shown promising performance in…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-08-12 Fu Wang , Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis plays a critical role in remote sensing, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. However, traditional methods often struggle to handle the high dimensionality, spectral redundancy, and noise inherent in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Xing Hu , Xiangcheng Liu , Qianqian Duan , Lian Zhang , Huiliang Shang , Linghua Jiang , Haima Yang , Dawei Zhang

Deep generative modeling provides a powerful pathway to overcome data scarcity in energy-related applications where experimental data are often limited, costly, or difficult to obtain. By learning the underlying probability distribution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Farah Alsafadi , Alexandra Akins , Xu Wu

How capable are diffusion models of generating synthetics texts? Recent research shows their strengths, with performance reaching that of auto-regressive LLMs. But are they also good in generating synthetic data if the training was under…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Sebastian Ochs , Ivan Habernal