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Machine learning-based classifiers are commonly evaluated by metrics like accuracy, but deeper analysis is required to understand their strengths and weaknesses. MLMC is a visual exploration tool that tackles the challenge of multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Aleksandar Doknic , Torsten Möller

Imbalanced dataset is occurred due to uneven distribution of data available in the real world such as disposition of complaints on government offices in Bandung. Consequently, multi-label text categorization algorithms may not produce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Genta Indra Winata , Masayu Leylia Khodra

The soft Dice loss (SDL) has taken a pivotal role in numerous automated segmentation pipelines in the medical imaging community. Over the last years, some reasons behind its superior functioning have been uncovered and further optimizations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zifu Wang , Teodora Popordanoska , Jeroen Bertels , Robin Lemmens , Matthew B. Blaschko

Modeling label correlations has always played a pivotal role in multi-label image classification (MLC), attracting significant attention from researchers. However, recent studies have overemphasized co-occurrence relationships among labels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 LeiLei Ma , Shuo Xu , MingKun Xie , Lei Wang , Dengdi Sun , Haifeng Zhao

Transductive graph-based semi-supervised learning methods usually build an undirected graph utilizing both labeled and unlabeled samples as vertices. Those methods propagate label information of labeled samples to neighbors through their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-25 Fengqi Li , Chuang Yu , Nanhai Yang , Feng Xia , Guangming Li , Fatemeh Kaveh-Yazdy

Meta-learning is an effective method to handle imbalanced and noisy-label learning, but it depends on a validation set containing randomly selected, manually labelled and balanced distributed samples. The random selection and manual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Dung Anh Hoang , Cuong Nguyen , Belagiannis Vasileios , Thanh-Toan Do , Gustavo Carneiro

Multi-label classification is a type of supervised machine learning that can simultaneously assign multiple labels to an instance. To solve this task, some methods divide the original problem into several sub-problems (local approach),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Elaine Cecília Gatto , Felipe Nakano Kenji , Jesse Read , Mauri Ferrandin , Ricardo Cerri , Celine Vens

Hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) is a challenging classification task extending standard multi-label classification problems by imposing a hierarchy constraint on the classes. In this paper, we propose C-HMCNN(h), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Polyphonic events are the main error source of audio event detection (AED) systems. In deep-learning context, the most common approach to deal with event overlaps is to treat the AED task as a multi-label classification problem. By doing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Huy Phan , Thi Ngoc Tho Nguyen , Philipp Koch , Alfred Mertins

Deep supervised models possess significant capability to assimilate extensive training data, thereby presenting an opportunity to enhance model performance through training on multiple datasets. However, conflicts arising from different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Rong Ma , Jie Chen , Xiangyang Xue , Jian Pu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their potential to generate harmful content has raised serious safety concerns. Current toxicity detectors primarily rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zhiqiang Kou , Junyang Chen , Xin-Qiang Cai , Ming-Kun Xie , Biao Liu , Changwei Wang , Lei Feng , Yuheng Jia , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Xin Geng

Medical tasks are prone to inter-rater variability due to multiple factors such as image quality, professional experience and training, or guideline clarity. Training deep learning networks with annotations from multiple raters is a common…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-13 Andreanne Lemay , Charley Gros , Enamundram Naga Karthik , Julien Cohen-Adad

Automated ICD-10 coding from clinical discharge summaries requires models that are both accurate on long-tailed multi-label classification tasks and interpretable to clinicians. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer a principled framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mohammed Sameer Syed , Xuan Lu

Although various methods have been proposed for multi-label classification, most approaches still follow the feature learning mechanism of the single-label (multi-class) classification, namely, learning a shared image feature to classify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Jian Jia , Fei He , Naiyu Gao , Xiaotang Chen , Kaiqi Huang

Multi-label classification (MC) is a standard machine learning problem in which a data point can be associated with a set of classes. A more challenging scenario is given by hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) problems, in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

When labeled data is insufficient, semi-supervised learning with the pseudo-labeling technique can significantly improve the performance of automatic speech recognition. However, pseudo-labels are often noisy, containing numerous incorrect…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Han Zhu , Dongji Gao , Gaofeng Cheng , Daniel Povey , Pengyuan Zhang , Yonghong Yan

Partial domain adaptation which assumes that the unknown target label space is a subset of the source label space has attracted much attention in computer vision. Despite recent progress, existing methods often suffer from three key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Aadarsh Sahoo , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Kate Saenko , Abir Das

Multi-label learning draws great interests in many real world applications. It is a highly costly task to assign many labels by the oracle for one instance. Meanwhile, it is also hard to build a good model without diagnosing discriminative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Bo Du , Zengmao Wang , Lefei Zhang , Liangpei Zhang , Dacheng Tao

The original ImageNet benchmark enforces a single-label assumption, despite many images depicting multiple objects. This leads to label noise and limits the richness of the learning signal. Multi-label annotations more accurately reflect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Junyu Chen , Md Yousuf Harun , Christopher Kanan

Semi-supervised object detection has made significant progress with the development of mean teacher driven self-training. Despite the promising results, the label mismatch problem is not yet fully explored in the previous works, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Binbin Chen , Weijie Chen , Shicai Yang , Yunyi Xuan , Jie Song , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu , Mingli Song , Yueting Zhuang