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Many pre-trained language models (PLMs) exhibit suboptimal performance on mid- and low-resource languages, largely due to limited exposure to these languages during pre-training. A common strategy to address this is to introduce new tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enes Özeren , Yihong Liu , Hinrich Schütze

We propose and analyze algorithms to solve a range of learning tasks under user-level differential privacy constraints. Rather than guaranteeing only the privacy of individual samples, user-level DP protects a user's entire contribution ($m…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Daniel Levy , Ziteng Sun , Kareem Amin , Satyen Kale , Alex Kulesza , Mehryar Mohri , Ananda Theertha Suresh

Machine learning models are susceptible to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether a sample is in the training set. Existing work utilizes gradient ascent to enlarge the loss variance of training data, alleviating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zhenlong Liu , Lei Feng , Huiping Zhuang , Xiaofeng Cao , Hongxin Wei

Recent progress in deep learning has been driven by increasingly larger models. However, their computational and energy demands have grown proportionally, creating significant barriers to their deployment and to a wider adoption of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pedro Savarese

Deep neural networks trained using a softmax layer at the top and the cross-entropy loss are ubiquitous tools for image classification. Yet, this does not naturally enforce intra-class similarity nor inter-class margin of the learned deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 José Lezama , Qiang Qiu , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

In this manuscript, we consider the problem of privacy-preserving training of neural networks in the mere homomorphic encryption setting. We combine several exsiting techniques available, extend some of them, and finally enable the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-16 John Chiang

In the literature, there are a few researches to design some parameters in the Proximal Point Algorithm (PPA), especially for the multi-objective convex optimizations. Introducing some parameters to PPA can make it more flexible and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-12-11 Jianchao Bai , Jicheng Li , Pingfan Dai , Jiaofen Li

In two-party machine learning prediction services, the client's goal is to query a remote server's trained machine learning model to perform neural network inference in some application domain. However, sensitive information can be obtained…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Karthik Garimella , Zahra Ghodsi , Nandan Kumar Jha , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen

Beyond class frequency, we recognize the impact of class-wise relationships among various class-specific predictions and the imbalance in label masks on long-tailed segmentation learning. To address these challenges, we propose an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Khoi Do , Duong Nguyen , Nguyen H. Tran , Viet Dung Nguyen

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows an untrusted party to evaluate arithmetic cir- cuits, i.e., perform additions and multiplications on encrypted data, without having the decryp- tion key. One of the most efficient class of FHE…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Hao Chen

Standard methods for differentially private training of deep neural networks replace back-propagated mini-batch gradients with biased and noisy approximations to the gradient. These modifications to training often result in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Jaewoo Lee , Daniel Kifer

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied for their remarkable capability of content generation. However, the practical use of open-source LLMs is hindered by high resource requirements, making deployment expensive and limiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Wenjie Qu , Yuguang Zhou , Yongji Wu , Tingsong Xiao , Binhang Yuan , Yiming Li , Jiaheng Zhang

Through the lens of information-theoretic reductions, we examine a reductions approach to fair optimization and learning where a black-box optimizer is used to learn a fair model for classification or regression. Quantifying the complexity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Daniel Alabi

Homomorphic encryption (HE)-based deep neural network (DNN) inference protects data and model privacy but suffers from significant computation overhead. We observe transforming the DNN weights into circulant matrices converts general…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Tianshi Xu , Lemeng Wu , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li

Incorporating fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) into the inference process of a convolutional neural network (CNN) draws enormous attention as a viable approach for achieving private inference (PI). FHE allows delegating the entire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jaiyoung Park , Donghwan Kim , Jongmin Kim , Sangpyo Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Jung Hee Cheon , Jung Ho Ahn

Large language models (LLMs) power modern AI applications, but processing sensitive data on untrusted servers raises privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation on encrypted data for secure inference. However, neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Matan Avitan , Moran Baruch , Nir Drucker , Itamar Zimerman , Yoav Goldberg

Private inference using homomorphic encryption has gained a great attention to leverage powerful predictive models, e.g., deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in the area where data privacy is crucial, such as in healthcare or medical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hyeri Roh , Woo-Seok Choi

This paper introduces Uniform Orthogonal Reinitialization Adaptation (UORA), a novel parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approach for Large Language Models (LLMs). UORA achieves state-of-the-art performance and parameter efficiency by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xueyan Zhang , Jinman Zhao , Zhifei Yang , Yibo Zhong , Shuhao Guan , Linbo Cao , Yining Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning framework that inherently allows edge devices to maintain their local training data, thus providing some level of privacy. However, FL's model updates still pose a risk of privacy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Jiayu Mao , Tongxin Yin , Aylin Yener , Mingyan Liu

The large number of ReLU non-linearity operations in existing deep neural networks makes them ill-suited for latency-efficient private inference (PI). Existing techniques to reduce ReLU operations often involve manual effort and sacrifice…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Souvik Kundu , Shunlin Lu , Yuke Zhang , Jacqueline Liu , Peter A. Beerel