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In this paper, we propose an architecture for FPGA emulation of mixed-signal systems that achieves high accuracy at a high throughput. We represent the analog output of a block as a superposition of step responses to changes in its analog…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Steven Herbst , Byong Chan Lim , Mark Horowitz

In this work, we present a control variate approximation technique that enables the exploitation of highly approximate multipliers in Deep Neural Network (DNN) accelerators. Our approach does not require retraining and significantly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Georgios Zervakis , Fabio Frustaci , Ourania Spantidi , Iraklis Anagnostopoulos , Hussam Amrouch , Jörg Henkel

Research has shown that deep neural networks contain significant redundancy, and thus that high classification accuracy can be achieved even when weights and activations are quantized down to binary values. Network binarization on FPGAs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Erwei Wang , James J. Davis , Peter Y. K. Cheung , George A. Constantinides

Residual neural networks are widely used in computer vision tasks. They enable the construction of deeper and more accurate models by mitigating the vanishing gradient problem. Their main innovation is the residual block which allows the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Filippo Minnella , Teodoro Urso , Mihai T. Lazarescu , Luciano Lavagno

The emergence of neural network capabilities invariably leads to a significant surge in computational demands due to expanding model sizes and increased computational complexity. To reduce model size and lower inference costs, recent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Guoyu Li , Shengyu Ye , Chunyun Chen , Yang Wang , Fan Yang , Ting Cao , Cheng Liu , Mohamed M. Sabry , Mao Yang

Energy efficiency of hardware accelerators of deep neural networks (DNN) can be improved by introducing approximate arithmetic circuits. In order to quantify the error introduced by using these circuits and avoid the expensive hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Filip Vaverka , Vojtech Mrazek , Zdenek Vasicek , Lukas Sekanina

Modern transformer-based deep neural networks present unique technical challenges for effective acceleration in real-world applications. Apart from the vast amount of linear operations needed due to their sizes, modern transformer models…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jiajun Wu , Mo Song , Jingmin Zhao , Yizhao Gao , Jia Li , Hayden Kwok-Hay So

This paper provides modified Distributed Arithmetic based technique to compute sum of products saving appreciable number of Multiply And accumulation blocks and this consecutively reduces circuit size. In this technique multiplexer based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Naveen S Naik , Kiran A Gupta

Data movement is the dominating factor affecting performance and energy in modern computing systems. Consequently, many algorithms have been developed to minimize the number of I/O operations for common computing patterns. Matrix…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Johannes de Fine Licht , Grzegorz Kwasniewski , Torsten Hoefler

FPGA-specific DNN architectures using the native LUTs as independently trainable inference operators have been shown to achieve favorable area-accuracy and energy-accuracy tradeoffs. The first work in this area, LUTNet, exhibited…

It remains a challenge to run Deep Learning in devices with stringent power budget in the Internet-of-Things. This paper presents a low-power accelerator for processing Deep Neural Networks in the embedded devices. The power reduction is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Yuxiang Huan , Yifan Qin , Yantian You , Lirong Zheng , Zhuo Zou

Matrix multiplication is the bedrock in Deep Learning inference application. When it comes to hardware acceleration on edge computing devices, matrix multiplication often takes up a great majority of the time. To achieve better performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Yuyang Zhang , Dik Hin Leung , Min Guo , Yijia Xiao , Haoyue Liu , Yunfei Li , Jiyuan Zhang , Guan Wang , Zhen Chen

A widely-used technique in designing energy-efficient deep neural network (DNN) accelerators is quantization. Recent progress in this direction has reduced the bitwidths used in DNN down to 2. Meanwhile, many prior works apply approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yi Ren , Ruge Xu , Xinfei Guo , Weikang Qian

The state-of-the-art approaches employ approximate computing to reduce the energy consumption of DNN hardware. Approximate DNNs then require extensive retraining afterwards to recover from the accuracy loss caused by the use of approximate…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Vojtech Mrazek , Zdenek Vasicek , Lukas Sekanina , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

In the "Big Data" era, a lot of data must be processed and moved between processing and memory units. New technologies and architectures have emerged to improve system performance and overcome the memory bottleneck. The memristor is a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Seyed Erfan Fatemieh , Samane Asgari , Mohammad Reza Reshadinezhad

Recently, the demand of low-power deep-learning hardware for industrial applications has been increasing. Most existing artificial intelligence (AI) chips have evolved to rely on new chip technologies rather than on radically new hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Byungik Ahn

While there is a large body of research on efficient processing of deep neural networks (DNNs), ultra-low-latency realization of these models for applications with stringent, sub-microsecond latency requirements continues to be an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Mahdi Nazemi , Arash Fayyazi , Amirhossein Esmaili , Atharva Khare , Soheil Nazar Shahsavani , Massoud Pedram

Matrix-matrix multiplication is a key computational kernel for numerous applications in science and engineering, with ample parallelism and data locality that lends itself well to high-performance implementations. Many matrix…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Yaman Umuroglu , Davide Conficconi , Lahiru Rasnayake , Thomas B. Preusser , Magnus Sjalander

In recent years fused-multiply-add (FMA) units with lower-precision multiplications and higher-precision accumulation have proven useful in machine learning/artificial intelligence applications, most notably in training deep neural networks…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Greg Henry , Ping Tak Peter Tang , Alexander Heinecke

In todays world, high-power computing applications such as image processing, digital signal processing, graphics, and robotics require enormous computing power. These applications use matrix operations, especially matrix multiplication.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Arish S , R. K. Sharma