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Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) has become a common practice for personalized natural language understanding (NLU) applications on downstream tasks and domain-specific datasets. However, there are two main challenges:…

Large Language Models (LLMs), typified by OpenAI's GPT, have marked a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. Trained on vast amounts of text data, LLMs are capable of understanding and generating human-like text across a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across a wide variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks and have attracted attention from multiple domains, including financial services. Despite the extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jean Lee , Nicholas Stevens , Soyeon Caren Han , Minseok Song

Compressing Large Language Models (LLMs) into task-specific Small Language Models (SLMs) encounters two significant challenges: safeguarding domain-specific knowledge privacy and managing limited resources. To tackle these challenges, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Software systems have been evolving rapidly and inevitably introducing bugs at an increasing rate, leading to significant losses in resources consumed by software maintenance. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenqiang Luo , Jacky Wai Keung , Boyang Yang , He Ye , Claire Le Goues , Tegawende F. Bissyande , Haoye Tian , Bach Le

The recent emergence of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 has marked a significant paradigm shift in machine learning. Trained on massive corpora of data, these models demonstrate remarkable capabilities in language understanding,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Shimiao Li , Adedoyin Inaolaji , Filippo Malandra , Luis Herrera , Nicholas Mastronarde

This study analyzes the performance of domain-specific Large Language Models (LLMs) for the medical field by integrating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems within a federated learning framework. Leveraging the inherent advantages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jincheol Jung , Hongju Jeong , Eui-Nam Huh

One of the key tasks in machine learning for tabular data is feature engineering. Although it is vital for improving the performance of models, it demands considerable human expertise and deep domain knowledge, making it labor-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jeonghyun Ko , Gyeongyun Park , Donghoon Lee , Kyunam Lee

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with local data is a widely adopted approach for organizations seeking to adapt LLMs to their specific domains. Given the shared characteristics in data across different organizations, the idea of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenkai Guo , Xuefeng Liu , Haolin Wang , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in revolutionizing customer support and operations by integrating multiple modalities such as text, images, and audio. Federated Prompt Learning (FPL) is a recently proposed approach that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Linh Tran , Wei Sun , Stacy Patterson , Ana Milanova

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered generative recommendation systems through fine-tuning user behavior data. However, utilizing the user data may pose significant privacy risks, potentially leading to ethical dilemmas and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jujia Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Chen Xu , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements, demonstrating powerful capabilities in processing and understanding multimodal data. Fine-tuning MLLMs with Federated Learning (FL) allows for expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Binqian Xu , Xiangbo Shu , Haiyang Mei , Guosen Xie , Basura Fernando , Jinhui Tang

Ensuring Large Language Models (LLMs) align with diverse human preferences while preserving privacy and fairness remains a challenge. Existing methods, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), rely on centralized data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Mahmoud Srewa , Tianyu Zhao , Salma Elmalaki

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP). By fine-tuning LLMs with data from specific scenarios, these foundation models can better adapt to various downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jiaqi Wu , Simin Chen , Yuzhe Yang , Yijiang Li , Shiyue Hou , Rui Jing , Zehua Wang , Wei Chen , Zijian Tian

Recent research in federated large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on enabling clients to fine-tune their locally deployed homogeneous LLMs collaboratively or on transferring knowledge from server-based LLMs to small language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yan Kang , Hanlin Gu , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Inspired by Federated Learning, in this paper, we propose personal large models that are distilled from traditional large language models but more adaptive to local users' personal information such as education background and hobbies. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuanhao Gong

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and LLaMA, have significantly transformed Natural Language Processing (NLP) with their outstanding abilities in text generation, summarization, and classification.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Md Nazmus Sakib , Md Athikul Islam , Royal Pathak , Md Mashrur Arifin

With increasing privacy concerns on data, recent studies have made significant progress using federated learning (FL) on privacy-sensitive natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Much literature suggests fully fine-tuning pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhuo Zhang , Yuanhang Yang , Yong Dai , Lizhen Qu , Zenglin Xu