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Blockchain-enabled federated learning (BCFL) addresses fundamental challenges of trust, privacy, and coordination in collaborative AI systems. This chapter provides comprehensive architectural analysis of BCFL systems through a systematic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Murtaza Rangwala , KR Venugopal , Rajkumar Buyya

Federated learning (FL) based on the centralized design faces both challenges regarding the trust issue and a single point of failure. To alleviate these issues, blockchain-aided decentralized FL (BDFL) introduces the decentralized network…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jun Li , Weiwei Zhang , Kang Wei , Guangji Chen , Feng Shu , Wen Chen , Shi Jin

With the technological advances in machine learning, effective ways are available to process the huge amount of data generated in real life. However, issues of privacy and scalability will constrain the development of machine learning.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhilin Wang , Qin Hu , Minghui Xu , Yan Zhuang , Yawei Wang , Xiuzhen Cheng

The metaverse, emerging as a revolutionary platform for social and economic activities, provides various virtual services while posing security and privacy challenges. Wearable devices serve as bridges between the real world and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Wenbo Liu , Handi Chen , Edith C. H. Ngai

Blockchain-empowered federated learning (FL) has provoked extensive research recently. Various blockchain-based federated learning algorithm, architecture and mechanism have been designed to solve issues like single point failure and data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yihao Li , Yanyi Lai , Chuan Chen , Zibin Zheng

With the increasing importance of machine learning, the privacy and security of training data have become critical. Federated learning, which stores data in distributed nodes and shares only model parameters, has gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Yang Li , Chunhe Xia , Chang Li , Tianbo Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has recently arisen as a revolutionary approach to collaborative training Machine Learning models. According to this novel framework, multiple participants train a global model collaboratively, coordinating with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sameera K. M. , Serena Nicolazzo , Marco Arazzi , Antonino Nocera , Rafidha Rehiman K. A. , Vinod P , Mauro Conti

Since the traffic conditions change over time, machine learning models that predict traffic flows must be updated continuously and efficiently in smart public transportation. Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning scheme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Chenhao Xu , Youyang Qu , Tom H. Luan , Peter W. Eklund , Yong Xiang , Longxiang Gao

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning paradigm that enables collaborative training among geographically distributed and heterogeneous devices without gathering their data. Extending FL beyond the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Jin Wang , Jia Hu , Jed Mills , Geyong Min , Ming Xia

By leveraging blockchain, this letter proposes a blockchained federated learning (BlockFL) architecture where local learning model updates are exchanged and verified. This enables on-device machine learning without any centralized training…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Hyesung Kim , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Seong-Lyun Kim

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning scheme, where each participant data remains on the participating devices and only the local model generated utilizing the local computational power is transmitted…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Ervin Moore , Ahmed Imteaj , Md Zarif Hossain , Shabnam Rezapour , M. Hadi Amini

In the era of deep learning, federated learning (FL) presents a promising approach that allows multi-institutional data owners, or clients, to collaboratively train machine learning models without compromising data privacy. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Nanqing Dong , Zhipeng Wang , Jiahao Sun , Michael Kampffmeyer , William Knottenbelt , Eric Xing

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning (ML) technology that enables collaborative training and learning of a global ML model based on aggregating distributed local model updates. However, security and privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hao Guo , Collin Meese , Wanxin Li , Chien-Chung Shen , Mark Nejad

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a key paradigm for building Trustworthy AI systems by enabling privacy-preserving, decentralized model training. However, FL is highly susceptible to adversarial attacks that compromise model integrity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Mario García-Márquez , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera

The rise of IoT devices and the uptake of cloud computing have informed a new era of data-driven intelligence. Traditional centralized machine learning models that require a large volume of data to be stored in a single location have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Saloni Garg , Amit Sagtani , Kamal Kant Hiran

Leveraging blockchain in Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a new paradigm for secure collaborative learning on Massive Edge Networks (MENs). As the scale of MENs increases, it becomes more difficult to implement and manage a blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Handi Chen , Rui Zhou , Yun-Hin Chan , Zhihan Jiang , Xianhao Chen , Edith C. H. Ngai

Federated learning (FL) is a promising way to allow multiple data owners (clients) to collaboratively train machine learning models without compromising data privacy. Yet, existing FL solutions usually rely on a centralized aggregator for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Nanqing Dong , Jiahao Sun , Zhipeng Wang , Shuoying Zhang , Shuhao Zheng

Facilitated by mobile edge computing, client-edge-cloud hierarchical federated learning (HFL) enables communication-efficient model training in a widespread area but also incurs additional security and privacy challenges from intermediate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Shengyang Li , Qin Hu , Zhilin Wang

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning technology for next-generation AI systems that allows a number of workers, i.e., edge devices, collaboratively learn a shared global model while keeping their data locally to prevent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pinyarash Pinyoanuntapong , Prabhu Janakaraj , Ravikumar Balakrishnan , Minwoo Lee , Chen Chen , Pu Wang

Motivated by the heterogeneous nature of devices participating in large-scale Federated Learning (FL) optimization, we focus on an asynchronous server-less FL solution empowered by blockchain technology. In contrast to mostly adopted FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Francesc Wilhelmi , Lorenza Giupponi , Paolo Dini