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Blockchain consensus faces a trilemma of security, latency, and decentralization. High-throughput systems often require a reduction in decentralization or robustness against strong adversaries, while highly decentralized and secure systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Preston Vander Vos , Alberto Sonnino , Giorgos Tsimos , Philipp Jovanovic , Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias

Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) has been extensively studied in distributed trustless systems to guarantee system's functioning when up to 1/3 Byzantine processes exist. Despite a plethora of previous work in BFT systems, they are mainly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Quan Nguyen , Andre Cronje

In this paper, we propose a modularized framework for communication processes applicable to crash and Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus protocols. We abstract basic communication components and show that the communication process of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuetai Li , Zhangchen Xu , Yiqi Wang , Zihan Zhou , Lei Zhang , Jon Crowcroft

Threshold cryptography is essential for many blockchain protocols. For example, many protocols rely on threshold common coin to implement asynchronous consensus, leader elections, and provide support for randomized applications. Similarly,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zhuolun Xiang , Sourav Das , Zekun Li , Zhoujun Ma , Alexander Spiegelman

Quantum key distribution (QKD) networks is expected to provide information-theoretical secured (ITS) communication over long distances. QKD networks based trusted relay architecture are now the most widely used scheme in practice. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-22 Yi Luo , Hao-Kun Mao , Qiong Li

Exact Byzantine consensus problem requires that non-faulty processes reach agreement on a decision (or output) that is in the convex hull of the inputs at the non-faulty processes. It is well-known that exact consensus is impossible in an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-01 Zhuolun Xiang , Nitin H. Vaidya

In a practical Byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) blockchain network, the voting nodes may always leave the network while some new nodes can also enter the network, thus the number of voting nodes is constantly changing. Such a new PBFT with…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Yan-Xia Chang , Quan-Lin Li , Qing Wang , Xing-Shuo Song

This paper presents Mir-BFT, a robust Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) total order broadcast protocol aimed at maximizing throughput on wide-area networks (WANs), targeting deployments in decentralized networks, such as permissioned and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Chrysoula Stathakopoulou , Tudor David , Matej Pavlovic , Marko Vukolić

In this work, we present IBFT 2.0 (Istanbul BFT 2.0), which is a Proof-of-Authority (PoA) Byzantine-fault-tolerant (BFT) blockchain consensus protocols that (i) ensures immediate finality, (ii) is robust in an eventually synchronous network…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Roberto Saltini , David Hyland-Wood

Crash fault tolerant (CFT) consensus algorithms are commonly used in scenarios where system components are trusted -- e.g., enterprise settings and government infrastructure. However, CFT consensus can be broken by even a single corrupt…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Weizhao Tang , Peiyao Sheng , Ronghao Ni , Pronoy Roy , Xuechao Wang , Giulia Fanti , Pramod Viswanath

Quantum Byzantine Agreement (QBA), a cornerstone of quantum blockchain, offers inherent advantages in security and fault tolerance over classical protocols, guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics. However, existing multiparty QBA…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Chen-Xun Weng , Ming-Yang Li , Shi-Gen Li , Mengya Zhu , Xiao-Ran Sun , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) enables correct operation of distributed, i.e., replicated applications in the face of malicious take-over and faulty/buggy individual instances. Recently, BFT designs have gained traction in the context of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Ermin Sakic , Nemanja Deric , Endri Goshi , Wolfgang Kellerer

In this paper, we present the most extensive evaluation of blockchain system to date. To achieve scalability across servers in more than 10 countries located on 4 different continents, we drastically revisited Byzantine fault tolerant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Tyler Crain , Christopher Natoli , Vincent Gramoli

This paper presents a novel leaderless protocol (FPC-BI: Fast Probabilistic Consensus within Byzantine Infrastructures) with a low communicational complexity and which allows a set of nodes to come to a consensus on a value of a single bit.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Serguei Popov , William J Buchanan

This paper introduces Hamster, a novel synchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance protocol that achieves better performance and has weaker dependency on synchrony. Specifically, Hamster employs coding techniques to significantly decrease…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Ximing Fu , Mo Li , Qingming Zeng , Tianyang Li , Shenghao Yang , Yonghui Guan , Chuanyi Liu

Permissioned Blockchains are increasingly considered in enterprise use-cases, many of which do not require geo-distribution, or even disallow it due to legislation. Examples include country-wide networks, such as Alastria, or those deployed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Manuel Bravo , Zsolt István , Man-Kit Sit

The novel blockchain generation of Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) state machine replication (SMR) protocols focuses on scalability and performance to meet requirements of distributed ledger technology (DLT), e.g., decentralization and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Christian Berger , Sadok Ben Toumia , Hans P. Reiser

Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) systems are able to maintain the availability and integrity of IoT systems, in presence of failure of individual components, random data corruption or malicious attacks. Fault-tolerant systems in general are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Marco Marcozzi , Orhan Gemikonakli , Eser Gemikonakli , Enver Ever , Leonardo Mostarda

In this paper we analyse the correctness of Istanbul BFT (IBFT), which is a Byzantine-fault-tolerant (BFT) proof-of-authority (PoA) blockchain consensus protocol that ensures immediate finality. We show that the IBFT protocol does not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Roberto Saltini , David Hyland-Wood

Hyperledger Fabric is an enterprise grade permissioned distributed ledger platform that offers modularity for a broad set of industry use cases. One modular component is a pluggable ordering service that establishes consensus on the order…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Artem Barger , Yacov Manevich , Hagar Meir , Yoav Tock