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The Kirkwood-Dirac distribution, serving as an informationally complete representation of a quantum state, has recently garnered increasing attention. We investigate the Kirkwood-Dirac classicality with respect to mutually unbiased bases.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Yan Liu , Zhihua Guo , Zhihao Ma , Shao-Ming Fei

Classical machine learning (ML) provides a potentially powerful approach to solving challenging quantum many-body problems in physics and chemistry. However, the advantages of ML over more traditional methods have not been firmly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-28 Hsin-Yuan Huang , Richard Kueng , Giacomo Torlai , Victor V. Albert , John Preskill

Estimation of the expectation value of observables is a key subroutine in quantum computing and is also the bottleneck of the performance of many near-term quantum algorithms. Many works have been proposed to reduce the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-05 Zi-Jian Zhang , Kouhei Nakaji , Matthew Choi , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We have obtained the optimal upper bound of entropic uncertainty relation for $N$ Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs). We have used the methods of variational calculus for the states that can be written in terms of $N$ MUBs. Our result is valid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Bilal Canturk , Zafer Gedik

This short note highlights the most prominent mathematical problems and physical questions associated with the existence of the maximum sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in the Hilbert space of a given dimension

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 H. C. Rosu , M. Planat , M. Saniga

We analyse orthogonal bases in a composite $N\times N$ Hilbert space describing a bipartite quantum system and look for a basis with optimal single-sided mutual state distinguishability. This condition implies that in each subsystem the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-28 Jakub Czartowski , Karol Życzkowski

Estimating quantum fermionic properties is a computationally difficult yet crucial task for the study of electronic systems. Recent developments have begun to address this challenge by introducing classical shadows protocols relying on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-09 Valentin Heyraud , Héloise Chomet , Jules Tilly

A set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) is said to be unextendible if there does not exist another basis that is unbiased with respect to the given set. Here, we prove the existence of smaller sets of MUBs in prime-squared dimensions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Vishakh Hegde , Prabha Mandayam

We discuss how continuous probing of a quantum system allows estimation of unknown classical parameters embodied in the Hamiltonian of the system. We generalize the stochastic master equation associated with continuous observation processes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-09 Antonio Negretti , Klaus Mølmer

Classical shadows are a versatile tool to probe many-body quantum systems, consisting of a combination of randomised measurements and classical post-processing computations. In a recently introduced version of the protocol, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Riccardo Cioli , Elisa Ercolessi , Matteo Ippoliti , Xhek Turkeshi , Lorenzo Piroli

Efficiently estimating properties of large and strongly coupled quantum systems is a central focus in many-body physics and quantum information theory. While quantum computers promise speedups for many such tasks, near-term devices are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-28 Senrui Chen , Wenjun Yu , Pei Zeng , Steven T. Flammia

The optimal state determination (or tomography) is studied for a composite system of two qubits when measurements can be performed on one of the qubits and interactions of the two qubits can be implemented. The goal is to minimize the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Petz , K. M. Hangos , A. Szanto , F. Szollosi

The connection between maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in a prime-power dimensional Hilbert space and finite phase-space geometries is well known. In this article we classify MUBs according to their degree of covariance with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-06-23 Claudio Carmeli , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

Akin to the idea of complete sets of Mutually Unbiased Bases for prime dimensional Hilbert spaces, $\mathcal{H}_d$, we study its analogue for a $d$ dimensional subspace of $M (d,\mathbb{C})$, i.e. Mutually Unbiased Unitary Bases (MUUBs)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-11 Rinie N. M. Nasir , Jesni Shamsul Shaari , Stefano Mancini

An efficient method for assessing the quality of quantum state tomography is developed. Special attention is paid to the tomography of multipartite systems in terms of unbiased measurements. Although the overall reconstruction errors of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-19 J. Rehacek , Z. Hradil , A. B. Klimov , G. Leuchs , L. L. Sanchez-Soto

The first quantum technologies to solve computational problems that are beyond the capabilities of classical computers are likely to be devices that exploit characteristics inherent to a particular physical system, to tackle a bespoke…

Quantum subspace expansion (QSE) offers promising avenues to perform spectral calculations on quantum processors but comes with a large measurement overhead. Informationally complete (IC) measurements, such as classical shadows, were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-30 Laurin E. Fischer , Daniel Bultrini , Ivano Tavernelli , Francesco Tacchino

Photonic integrated circuits offer a compact and stable platform for generating, manipulating, and detecting light. They are instrumental for classical and quantum applications. Imperfections stemming from fabrication constraints,…

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum information science, enabling detailed characterization of correlations, entanglement, and electronic structure in quantum systems. However, its exponential measurement and…

Efficient understanding of a quantum system fundamentally relies on the selection of observables. Pauli observables and mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are widely used in practice and are often regarded as theoretically optimal for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Yu Wang , Hanru Jiang , Yongxiang Liu , Keren Li