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Utilising quantum computing technology to enhance artificial intelligence systems is expected to improve training and inference times, increase robustness against noise and adversarial attacks, and reduce the number of parameters without…
Over the past decade alternative technologies have gained momentum as conventional digital electronics continue to approach their limitations, due to the end of Moore's Law and Dennard Scaling. At the same time, we are facing new…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents prodigious technological prospects for development, however, all that glitters is not gold! The cyber-world faces the worst nightmare with the advent of AI and quantum computers. Together with Quantum…
Quantum computers offer an intriguing path for a paradigmatic change of computing in the natural sciences and beyond, with the potential for achieving a so-called quantum advantage, namely a significant (in some cases exponential) speed-up…
Powerful artificial intelligence (AI) tools that have emerged in recent years -- including large language models, automated coding assistants, and advanced image and speech generation technologies -- are the result of monumental human…
The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the field of artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and moving towards multi-modal functionality.…
Large Artificial Intelligence (AI) training workloads spanning several tens of thousands of GPUs present unique power management challenges. These arise due to the high variability in power consumption during the training. Given the…
Invention of Transistors in 1948 started a new era in technology, called Solid State Electronics. Since then, sustaining development and advancement in electronics and fabrication techniques has caused the devices to shrink in size and…
The recent development in analog computation is reviewed in this paper. Analog computation was used in many applications where power and energy efficiency is of paramount importance. It is shown that by using innovative architecture and…
At face value, this essay is about understanding a fairly esoteric governance tool called compute thresholds. However, in order to grapple with whether these thresholds will achieve anything, we must first understand how they came to be. To…
Artificial Intelligence has achieved remarkable success across diverse application domains. However, its vulnerability to adversarial attacks poses significant challenges to reliability, security, and trustworthiness. Adversarial machine…
Computer modeling is essential to research on Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC), as well as to their design and operation. This paper summarizes the current status and future needs of AAC systems and reports on several key aspects of (i)…
The rapid growth and diversity in service offerings and the ensuing complexity of information technology ecosystems present numerous management challenges (both operational and strategic). Instrumentation and measurement technology is, by…
Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly pushing the limits of contemporary computing hardware. For example, training GPT-3 has been estimated to consume around 1300 MWh of electricity, and projections suggest future models may require…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in a wide range of fields, ranging from speech processing, image classification to drug discovery. This is driven by the explosive growth of data, advances in machine…
This paper presents an analysis of the fundamental limits on energy efficiency in both digital and analog in-memory computing architectures, and compares their performance to single instruction, single data (scalar) machines specifically in…
As the size of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models and datasets grows, the memory bandwidth becomes a critical bottleneck. The paper presents a novel extended memory hierarchy that addresses some major memory…
Superconducting quantum computing is advancing toward the thousand- and even million-qubit regime, making wafer-scale fabrication an essential pathway for achieving large-scale, cost-effective quantum processors. This manufacturing paradigm…
Digital educational environments are expanding toward complex AI and human discourse, providing researchers with an abundance of data that offers deep insights into learning and instructional processes. However, traditional qualitative…
In recent years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing has emerged as a promising avenue for addressing the growing computational demands of AI applications. This paper presents a comprehensive study of…