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Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) offers a practical solution for deploying image segmentation models under domain shift without accessing source data or retraining. Among existing TTA strategies, pseudo-label-based methods have shown promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jianghao Wu , Xiangde Luo , Yubo Zhou , Lianming Wu , Guotai Wang , Shaoting Zhang

Vision-language models (VLMs), despite their extraordinary zero-shot capabilities, are vulnerable to distribution shifts. Test-time adaptation (TTA) emerges as a predominant strategy to adapt VLMs to unlabeled test data on the fly. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhichen Zeng , Wenxuan Bao , Xiao Lin , Ruizhong Qiu , Tianxin Wei , Xuying Ning , Yuchen Yan , Chen Luo , Monica Xiao Cheng , Jingrui He , Hanghang Tong

Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) led to the development of flexible multi-speaker end-to-end TTS systems. We extend state-of-the-art attention-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems with synthetic audio generated by a TTS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Nick Rossenbach , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Real-world time series often exhibit a non-stationary nature, degrading the performance of pre-trained forecasting models. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adjusting models during inference, but existing methods typically update…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Heitor R. Medeiros , Hossein Sharifi-Noghabi , Gabriel L. Oliveira , Saghar Irandoust

When continual test-time adaptation (TTA) persists over the long term, errors accumulate in the model and further cause it to predict only a few classes for all inputs, a phenomenon known as model collapse. Recent studies have explored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Taejun Lim , Joong-Won Hwang , Kibok Lee

Remote physiological measurement (RPM) has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for monitoring physiological signals using the non-contact device. Although various domain adaptation and generalization methods were proposed to promote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xiao Yang , Jiyao Wang , Yuxuan Fan , Can Liu , Houcheng Su , Weichen Guo , Zitong Yu , Dengbo He , Kaishun Wu

Speech editing systems aim to naturally modify speech content while preserving acoustic consistency and speaker identity. However, previous studies often struggle to adapt to unseen and diverse acoustic conditions, resulting in degraded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Taewoo Kim , Uijong Lee , Hayoung Park , Choongsang Cho , Nam In Park , Young Han Lee

Prior to the deployment of robotic systems, pre-training the deep-recognition models on all potential visual cases is infeasible in practice. Hence, test-time adaptation (TTA) allows the model to adapt itself to novel environments and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Junha Song , Kwanyong Park , InKyu Shin , Sanghyun Woo , Chaoning Zhang , In So Kweon

Audio-driven talking-head generation has achieved remarkable progress with recent models such as AniTalker, FLOAT, and Sonic. Despite their success, most existing approaches rely on a single static reference image to condition the entire…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhicheng Zhang , Lei Wang , Yu Zhang , Yongsheng Gao

Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) are trained offline using the few available data and may therefore suffer from substantial accuracy loss when ported on the field, where unseen input patterns received under unpredictable external…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Luca Mocerino , Roberto G. Rizzo , Valentino Peluso , Andrea Calimera , Enrico Macii

Test-time adaptation (TTA) for large language models (LLMs) updates model parameters at inference time using signals available at deployment. This paper focuses on a common yet under-explored regime: unsupervised, sample-specific TTA, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Longhuan Xu , Cunjian Chen , Feng Yin

One fascinating aspect of pre-trained Audio-Language Models (ALMs) learning is their impressive zero-shot generalization capability and test-time adaptation (TTA) methods aiming to improve domain performance without annotations. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Gongyu Chen , Haomin Zhang , Chaofan Ding , Zihao Chen , Xinhan Di

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has emerged as a promising paradigm for vision-language models (VLMs) to bridge the distribution gap between pre-training and test data. Recent works have focused on backpropagation-free TTA methods that rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zhaohong Huang , Yuxin Zhang , Wenjing Liu , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

Rich sources of variability in natural speech present significant challenges to current data intensive speech recognition technologies. To model both speaker and environment level diversity, this paper proposes a novel Bayesian factorised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-27 Jiajun Deng , Guinan Li , Xurong Xie , Zengrui Jin , Mingyu Cui , Tianzi Wang , Shujie Hu , Mengzhe Geng , Xunying Liu

This paper presents a simple yet effective approach that improves continual test-time adaptation (TTA) in a memory-efficient manner. TTA may primarily be conducted on edge devices with limited memory, so reducing memory is crucial but has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Junha Song , Jungsoo Lee , In So Kweon , Sungha Choi

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have shown strong potential for learning generalizable representations from large-scale neural data, yet their clinical deployment is hindered by distribution shifts across clinical settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gabriel Jason Lee , Jathurshan Pradeepkumar , Jimeng Sun

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to adapt a pretrained model to distribution shifts using only unlabeled test data. While promising, existing methods like Tent suffer from instability and can catastrophically forget the source knowledge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Harshil Vejendla

Augmenting the training data of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems with synthetic data generated by text-to-speech (TTS) or voice conversion (VC) has gained popularity in recent years. Several works have demonstrated improvements in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Sewade Ogun , Vincent Colotte , Emmanuel Vincent

Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP show strong zero-shot performance but struggle with generalization under distribution shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting VLMs to unlabeled test data in new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hamidreza Dastmalchi , Aijun An , Ali cheraghian

Personalizing automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems for non-normative speech, such as dysarthric and aphasic speech, is challenging. While speaker-specific fine-tuning (SS-FT) is widely used, it is typically initialized directly from a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shan Jiang , Jiawen Qi , Chuanbing Huo , Yingqiang Gao , Qinyu Chen