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Galactic diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission is produced by the interaction of high-energy cosmic-ray particles with matter and radiation in our Galaxy. The measurement of Galactic diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission would provide strong constraints…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Hao Zhou , Chang Dong Rho , Giacomo Vianello

Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is produced by the interaction of high-energy cosmic rays propagating through the Milky Way with interstellar gas and radiation fields. Its measurement can provide crucial insights into the acceleration…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 Georg Schwefer

Observations of the Galactic Center (GC) region in very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) gamma rays, conducted with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), led to the detection of an extended region of diffuse gamma-ray emission in 2006.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-15 Alexander Ziegler , Christopher van Eldik

Diffuse gamma-ray emission has long been established as the most prominent feature in the GeV sky. Although the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov technique has been successful in revealing a large population of discrete TeV gamma-ray sources, a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 K. Egberts , F. Brun , S. Casanova , W. Hofmann , M. de Naurois , O. Reimer , Q. Weitzel , Y. Fukui

Using the cosmic ray (CR) data available in the energy interval $(10 - 2 \times 10^{7})$ GeV/particle, we have calculated the profile of the primary $\gamma$-ray spectrum produced by the interaction of these CR with thermal nuclei of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 G. A. Medina Tanco , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino

Diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is produced in interactions of cosmic rays with gas and ambient photon fields and thus provides us with an indirect measurement of cosmic rays in various locations in the Galaxy. The diffuse gamma-ray…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin Pohl

A number of Galactic sources emit GeV-TeV gamma rays that are produced through leptonic and/or hadronic mechanisms. Spectral analysis in this energy range is crucial in order to understand the emission mechanisms. The HAWC Gamma-Ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 Hao Zhou , C. Michelle Hui , Petra Huentemeyer

Diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission is the most prominent observable signature of celestial cosmic-ray interactions at high energies. While already being investigated at GeV energies over several decades, assessments of diffuse $\gamma$-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-10 H. E. S. S. Collaboration , : , A. Abramowski , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , A. G. Akhperjanian , E. O. Angüner , M. Backes , S. Balenderan , A. Balzer , A. Barnacka , Y. Becherini , J. Becker Tjus , D. Berge , S. Bernhard , K. Bernlöhr , E. Birsin , J. Biteau , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , P. Bordas , J. Bregeon , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , T. Bulik , S. Carrigan , S. Casanova , P. M. Chadwick , N. Chakraborty , R. Chalme-Calvet , R. C. G. Chaves , M. Chrétien , S. Colafrancesco , G. Cologna , J. Conrad , C. Couturier , Y. Cui , I. D. Davids , B. Degrange , C. Deil , P. deWilt , A. Djannati-Ataï , W. Domainko , A. Donath , L. O'C. Drury , G. Dubus , K. Dutson , J. Dyks , M. Dyrda , T. Edwards , K. Egberts , P. Eger , P. Espigat , C. Farnier , S. Fegan , F. Feinstein , M. V. Fernandes , D. Fernandez , A. Fiasson , G. Fontaine , A. Förster , M. Füßling , S. Gabici , M. Gajdus , Y. A. Gallant , T. Garrigoux , G. Giavitto , B. Giebels , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , M. -H. Grondin , M. Grudzińska , D. Hadasch , S. Häffner , J. Hahn , J. Harris , G. Heinzelmann , G. Henri , G. Hermann , O. Hervet , A. Hillert , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , P. Hofverberg , M. Holler , D. Horns , A. Ivascenko , A. Jacholkowska , C. Jahn , M. Jamrozy , M. Janiak , F. Jankowsky , I. Jung-Richardt , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , U. Katz , S. Kaufmann , B. Khélifi , M. Kieffer , S. Klepser , D. Klochkov , W. Kluźniak , D. Kolitzus , Nu. Komin , K. Kosack , S. Krakau , F. Krayzel , P. P. Krüger , H. Laffon , G. Lamanna , J. Lefaucheur , V. Lefranc , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , T. Lohse , A. Lopatin , C. -C. Lu , V. Marandon , A. Marcowith , R. Marx , G. Maurin , N. Maxted , M. Mayer , T. J. L. McComb , J. Méhault , P. J. Meintjes , U. Menzler , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , M. Mohamed , K. Morå , E. Moulin , T. Murach , M. de Naurois , J. Niemiec , S. J. Nolan , L. Oakes , H. Odaka , S. Ohm , B. Opitz , M. Ostrowski , I. Oya , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , M. Paz Arribas , N. W. Pekeur , G. Pelletier , P. -O. Petrucci , B. Peyaud , S. Pita , H. Poon , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , I. Reichardt , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , M. Renaud , R. de los Reyes , F. Rieger , C. Romoli , S. Rosier-Lees , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , C. B. Rulten , V. Sahakian , D. Salek , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , R. Schlickeiser , F. Schüssler , A. Schulz , U. Schwanke , S. Schwarzburg , S. Schwemmer , H. Sol , F. Spanier , G. Spengler , F. Spies , Ł. Stawarz , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , F. Stinzing , K. Stycz , I. Sushch , J. -P. Tavernet , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , M. Tluczykont , C. Trichard , K. Valerius , C. van Eldik , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , A. Viana , P. Vincent , J. Vink , H. J. Völk , F. Volpe , M. Vorster , T. Vuillaume , S. J. Wagner , P. Wagner , R. M. Wagner , M. Ward , M. Weidinger , Q. Weitzel , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , P. Willmann , A. Wörnlein , D. Wouters , R. Yang , V. Zabalza , D. Zaborov , M. Zacharias , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , H. -S. Zechlin , Y. Fukui

The Galactic gamma-ray diffuse emission is currently observed in the GeV-TeV energy range with unprecedented accuracy by the Fermi satellite. Understanding this component is crucial as it provides a background to many different signals such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-18 Timur Delahaye , Armand Fiasson , Martin Pohl , Pierre Salati

Galactic diffuse emission has provided us with evidence for cosmic ray acceleration throughout the Galaxy and the background for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. However, only the very limited measurements of the diffuse flux…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-29 Chang Dong Rho

Cosmic rays (CRs) generate diffuse emission while interacting with the Galactic magnetic field (B-field), the interstellar gas and the radiation field. This diffuse emission extends from radio, microwaves, through X-rays, to high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-22 Elena Orlando

Cosmic Rays (CRs) interact with the diffuse gas, radiation, and magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM) to produce electromagnetic emissions that are a significant component of the all-sky flux across a broad wavelength range. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 P. D. Marinos , G. P. Rowell , T. A. Porter , G. Jóhannesson

Simulations of Galactic CR transport were performed with the software GALPROP, with the resulting gamma-ray flux calculated up to the PeV regime. The impact of altering parameters such as the number and distribution of CR sources, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-29 Peter Marinos

The distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy at energies above few TeVs is still uncertain and this affects the expectations for the diffuse gamma flux produced by hadronic interactions of cosmic rays with the interstellar gas. We show…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 M. Cataldo , G. Pagliaroli , V. Vecchiotti , F. L. Villante

Diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission produced by the interaction of cosmic-ray particles with matter and radiation in the Galaxy can be used to probe the distribution of cosmic rays and their sources in different regions of the Galaxy. With its…

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray background, as observed with EGRET on CGRO, exceeds the model predictions significantly above 1 GeV. This is particularly true for the inner Galaxy. We shall discuss here the contribution of the Galactic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Heinz Voelk

The high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission and neutrino emission are expected from the Galactic plane, generated by hadronuclear interactions between cosmic rays (CR) and interstellar medium (ISM). Therefore, measurements of these diffuse…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-19 Kai Yan , Ruo-Yu Liu , Rui Zhang , Chao-Ming Li , Qiang Yuan , Xiang-Yu Wang

The diffuse Galactic $\gamma$-ray emission, mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a very important probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-11 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , J. T. Cai , Q. Cao , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , Liang Chen , Lin Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , L. Q. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , Q. Hu , S. C. Hu , D. H. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Z. C. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , M. M. Kang , T. Ke , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , R. Lu , Q. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , H. J. Mu , Y. C. Nan , A. Neronov , Z. W. Ou , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , Y. Q. Qi , B. Q. Qiao , J. J. Qin , D. Ruffolo , A. Saiz , D. Semikoz , C. Y. Shao , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Q. W. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. Wang , C. B. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , H. H. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , P. H. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zhen Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , J. Z. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. Yang , F. F. Yang , H. W. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. B. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

The Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is conventionally modeled as the product of cosmic-ray interactions with the interstellar medium. However, the cumulative contribution of stellar atmospheres acting as hadronic interaction targets…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Yanbo Wang , Zhenglong Wang , Rui Zhang , Yi Zhang

The majority of galactic gamma rays are produced by interaction of cosmic rays with matter or radiation fields. This results in a diffuse radiation concentrated in the galactic plane where the flux of cosmic rays and the density of material…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 R. Fleysher
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