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This chapter provides a comprehensive and self-contained discussion of the most recent developments of information theory of networks. Maximum entropy models of networks are the least biased ensembles enforcing a set of constraints and are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-06-14 Ginestra Bianconi

In this article we give an in depth overview of the recent advances in the field of equilibrium networks. After outlining this topic, we provide a novel way of defining equilibrium graph (network) ensembles. We illustrate this concept on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. Farkas , I. Derenyi , G. Palla , T. Vicsek

In established network architectures, shortcut connections are often used to take the outputs of earlier layers as additional inputs to later layers. Despite the extraordinary effectiveness of shortcuts, there remain open questions on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Fenglei Fan , Dayang Wang , Hengtao Guo , Qikui Zhu , Pingkun Yan , Ge Wang , Hengyong Yu

Action convergence provides a limit theory for linear bounded operators $A_n:L^{\infty}(\Omega_n)\longrightarrow L^1(\Omega_n)$ where $\Omega_n$ are potentially different probability spaces. This notion of convergence emerged in graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Giulio Zucal

In 1990 Bender, Canfield and McKay gave an asymptotic formula for the number of connected graphs on $[n]$ with $m$ edges, whenever $n$ and the nullity $m-n+1$ tend to infinity. Asymptotic formulae for the number of connected $r$-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Béla Bollobás , Oliver Riordan

The degree distribution is one of the most fundamental graph properties of interest for real-world graphs. It has been widely observed in numerous domains that graphs typically have a tailed or scale-free degree distribution. While the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Olivia Simpson , C. Seshadhri , Andrew McGregor

The Krakow-Orsay collaboration has applied methods borrowed from equilibrium statistical mechanics and analytic combinatorics to study the geometry of random networks. Results contained in a series of recent publications and concerning…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Krzywicki

Network representation learning has aroused widespread interests in recent years. While most of the existing methods deal with edges as pairwise relationships, only a few studies have been proposed for hyper-networks to capture more…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jie Huang , Xin Liu , Yangqiu Song

In many machine learning tasks, models are trained to predict structure data such as graphs. For example, in natural language processing, it is very common to parse texts into dependency trees or abstract meaning representation (AMR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Hoang Thanh Lam , Gabriele Picco , Yufang Hou , Young-Suk Lee , Lam M. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Vanessa López , Ramon Fernandez Astudillo

Associated to any hypergraph is a toric ideal encoding the algebraic relations among its edges. We study these ideals and the combinatorics of their minimal generators, and derive general degree bounds for both uniform and non-uniform…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2012-12-24 Elizabeth Gross , Sonja Petrović

An ensemble method is introduced that utilizes randomization and loss function gradients to compute a prediction. Multiple weakly-correlated estimators approximate the gradient at randomly sampled points on the error surface and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Nicholas Smith

We give an overview of the recursive characterisations of random matrix ensembles that are currently at the forefront of random matrix theory by way of studying two classes of ensembles using two different types of recursive schemes:…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-01-30 Anas A. Rahman

Heavy-tailed networks, which have degree distributions characterised by slower than exponentially bounded tails, are common in many different situations. Some interesting cases, where heavy tails are characterised by inverse powers…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-01-21 Ismo T. Koponen , Elina Palmgren , Esko Keski-Vakkuri

Predicting missing links in real networks is an important problem in network science to which considerable efforts have been devoted, giving as a result a vast plethora of link prediction methods in the literature. In this work, we take a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-02-04 Guillermo García-Pérez , Roya Aliakbarisani , Abdorasoul Ghasemi , M. Ángeles Serrano

Hypergraphs, describing networks where interactions take place among any number of units, are a natural tool to model many real-world social and biological systems. In this work we propose a principled framework to model the organization of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Nicolò Ruggeri , Martina Contisciani , Federico Battiston , Caterina De Bacco

In statistical physics, the challenging combinatorial enumeration of the configurations of a system subject to hard constraints (microcanonical ensemble) is mapped to a mathematically easier calculation where the constraints are softened…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-11-01 Tiziano Squartini , Diego Garlaschelli

Anomaly detection algorithms are a valuable tool in network science for identifying unusual patterns in a network. These algorithms have numerous practical applications, including detecting fraud, identifying network security threats, and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Hadiseh Safdari , Martina Contisciani , Caterina De Bacco

A geometric graph is a graph embedded in the plane with vertices at points and edges drawn as curves (which are usually straight line segments) between those points. The average transversal complexity of a geometric graph is the number of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2009-09-17 David Eppstein , Michael T. Goodrich , Lowell Trott

In this paper, we study the connectivity of a one-dimensional soft random geometric graph (RGG). The graph is generated by placing points at random on a bounded line segment and connecting pairs of points with a probability that depends on…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-04 Michael Wilsher , Carl P. Dettmann , Ayalvadi Ganesh

Subgraph counts - in particular the number of occurrences of small shapes such as triangles - characterize properties of random networks, and as a result have seen wide use as network summary statistics. However, subgraphs are typically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-30 P-A. Maugis