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A common theoretical approach to understanding neural networks is to take an infinite-width limit, at which point the outputs become Gaussian process (GP) distributed. This is known as a neural network Gaussian process (NNGP). However, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-26 Ben Anson , Edward Milsom , Laurence Aitchison

Graph convolutional neural networks~(GCNs) have recently demonstrated promising results on graph-based semi-supervised classification, but little work has been done to explore their theoretical properties. Recently, several deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Jilin Hu , Jianbing Shen , Bin Yang , Ling Shao

It has long been known that a single-layer fully-connected neural network with an i.i.d. prior over its parameters is equivalent to a Gaussian process (GP), in the limit of infinite network width. This correspondence enables exact Bayesian…

Study of neural networks with infinite width is important for better understanding of the neural network in practical application. In this work, we derive the equivalence of the deep, infinite-width maxout network and the Gaussian process…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-29 Libin Liang , Ye Tian , Ge Cheng

Gaussian processes (GPs) are an attractive class of machine learning models because of their simplicity and flexibility as building blocks of more complex Bayesian models. Meanwhile, graph neural networks (GNNs) emerged recently as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zehao Niu , Mihai Anitescu , Jie Chen

We study the distributional properties of linear neural networks with random parameters in the context of large networks, where the number of layers diverges in proportion to the number of neurons per layer. Prior works have shown that in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-26 Federico Bassetti , Lucia Ladelli , Pietro Rotondo

Contemporary deep neural networks exhibit impressive results on practical problems. These networks generalize well although their inherent capacity may extend significantly beyond the number of training examples. We analyze this behavior in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Tamir Hazan , Tommi Jaakkola

This article gives a new proof that fully connected neural networks with random weights and biases converge to Gaussian processes in the regime where the input dimension, output dimension, and depth are kept fixed, while the hidden layer…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Boris Hanin

Neural networks with wide layers have attracted significant attention due to their equivalence to Gaussian processes, enabling perfect fitting of training data while maintaining generalization performance, known as benign overfitting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Tianxiang Gao , Xiaokai Huo , Hailiang Liu , Hongyang Gao

We perform a careful, thorough, and large scale empirical study of the correspondence between wide neural networks and kernel methods. By doing so, we resolve a variety of open questions related to the study of infinitely wide neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Jaehoon Lee , Samuel S. Schoenholz , Jeffrey Pennington , Ben Adlam , Lechao Xiao , Roman Novak , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

A longstanding goal in deep learning research has been to precisely characterize training and generalization. However, the often complex loss landscapes of neural networks have made a theory of learning dynamics elusive. In this work, we…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by additionally making use of graph structure based on the relational inductive bias (edge bias), rather than treating the nodes as collections of independent and identically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

Gaussian Process is a non-parametric prior which can be understood as a distribution on the function space intuitively. It is known that by introducing appropriate prior to the weights of the neural networks, Gaussian Process can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-08 Erdong Guo , David Draper

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are an emerging research field. This specialized Deep Neural Network (DNN) architecture is capable of processing graph structured data and bridges the gap between graph processing and Deep Learning (DL). As…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jana Vatter , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

This extended abstract describes a framework for analyzing the expressiveness, learning, and (structural) generalization of hypergraph neural networks (HyperGNNs). Specifically, we focus on how HyperGNNs can learn from finite datasets and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Zhezheng Luo , Jiayuan Mao , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Graph neural networks are deep neural networks designed for graphs with attributes attached to nodes or edges. The number of research papers in the literature concerning these models is growing rapidly due to their impressive performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 James H. Tanis , Chris Giannella , Adrian V. Mariano

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are among the most powerful tools in deep learning. They routinely solve complex problems on unstructured networks, such as node classification, graph classification, or link prediction, with high accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in the correspondence between infinitely wide networks and Gaussian processes. Despite the effectiveness and elegance of the current neural network Gaussian process theory, to the best of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Shao-Qun Zhang , Fei Wang , Feng-Lei Fan

Although a number of studies have explored deep learning in neuroscience, the application of these algorithms to neural systems on a microscopic scale, i.e. parameters relevant to lower scales of organization, remains relatively novel.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Paul Y. Wang , Sandalika Sapra , Vivek Kurien George , Gabriel A. Silva

The classical development of neural networks has been primarily for mappings between a finite-dimensional Euclidean space and a set of classes, or between two finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces. The purpose of this work is to generalize…

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