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Two-photon states generated through degenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) can exhibit sharp correlations in the transverse spatial coordinates. This property leads to unique free-space propagation features. Here, we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Nazanin Dehghan , Alessio D'Errico , Yingwen Zhang , Benjamin Sussman , Ebrahim Karimi

The realm of classical phase retrieval concerns itself with the arduous task of recovering a signal from its Fourier magnitude measurements, which are fraught with inherent ambiguities. A single-exposure intensity measurement is commonly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yixiao Yang , Ran Tao , Kaixuan Wei , Jun Shi

In Fourier ptychography, multiple low resolution images are captured and subsequently combined computationally into a high-resolution, large-field of view micrograph. A theoretical image-formation model based on the assumption of plane-wave…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-22 Tomas Aidukas , Lars Loetgering , Andrew Robert Harvey

Phase is a fundamental resource for optical imaging but cannot be directly observed with intensity measurements. The existing methods to quantify a phase distribution rely on complex devices and structures. Here we experimentally…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-25 Tengfeng Zhu , Junyi Huang , Zhichao Ruan

Context. For accurately measuring intensities and determining magnetic field strengths of small-scale solar (magnetic) structure, knowledge of and compensation for the point spread function is crucial. For images recorded with the Swedish…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 G. B. Scharmer , M. G. Löfdahl , T. I. M. van Werkhoven , J. de la Cruz Rodriguez

Phase-contrast and dark-field imaging are relatively new X-ray imaging modalities that provide additional information to conventional attenuation-based imaging. However, this new information comes at the price of a more complex acquisition…

Analyser-Based Phase-Contrast imaging (ABPCI) is a phase-contrast imaging method that produces high contrast images of weakly absorbing materials. However, it is only sensitive to phase variations lying in the diffraction plane of the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-02-11 M. C. Chalmers , M. J. Kitchen , K. Uesugi , G. Falzon , P. Quin , K. M. Pavlov

Light scattering inhibits high-resolution optical imaging, manipulation and therapy deep inside biological tissue by preventing focusing. To form deep foci, wavefront-shaping and time-reversal techniques that break the optical diffusion…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-04 Cheng Ma , Fengbo Zhou , Yan Liu , Lihong V. Wang

X-ray phase contrast imaging significantly improves the visualization of structures with weak or uniform absorption, broadening its applications across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Propagation-based phase contrast is particularly…

We propose a compact snapshot monocular depth estimation technique that relies on an engineered point spread function (PSF). Traditional approaches used in microscopic super-resolution imaging such as the Double-Helix PSF (DHPSF) are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-05 Bhargav Ghanekar , Vishwanath Saragadam , Dushyant Mehra , Anna-Karin Gustavsson , Aswin Sankaranarayanan , Ashok Veeraraghavan

Ptychography is a data-intensive computational imaging technique that achieves high spatial resolution over large fields of view. The technique involves scanning a coherent beam across overlapping regions and recording diffraction patterns.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-14 Refik Mert Cam , Junjing Deng , Rajkumar Kettimuthu , Mathew J. Cherukara , Tekin Bicer

Interferometric scattering microscopy was widely applied in nanoscopic detection and tracking due to its high sensitivity and label-free manner. The sensitivity is limited by contrast. Oblique illumination provided high contrast with lower…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-11 Xiang Zhang , Wenfu Lin , Yatao Yang , Yifan Wang

Self-supervised representation learning on image-text data facilitates crucial medical applications, such as image classification, visual grounding, and cross-modal retrieval. One common approach involves contrasting semantically similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Peiqi Wang , Yingcheng Liu , Ching-Yun Ko , William M. Wells , Seth Berkowitz , Steven Horng , Polina Golland

We propose a reliable direct imaging method based on the reverse time migration for finding extended obstacles with phaseless total field data. We prove that the imaging resolution of the method is essentially the same as the imaging…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-04 Zhiming Chen , Guanghui Huang

Advances in optical imaging always look for an increase in sensitivity and resolution among other practicability aspects. Within the same scope, in this work we report a versatile interference contrast imaging technique, capable of sub-nm…

In this paper we study a realistic setup for phase retrieval, where the signal of interest is modulated or masked and then for each modulation or mask a diffraction pattern is collected, producing a coded diffraction pattern (CDP) [CLM13].…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-25 Youssef Mroueh

When inverting solar spectra, image degradation effects that are present in the data are usually approximated or not considered. We develop a data reduction method that takes these issues into account and minimizes the resulting errors. By…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 M. van Noort

This paper proposes a novel approach to spectral computed tomography (CT) material decomposition that uses the recent advances in generative diffusion models (DMs) for inverse problems. Spectral CT and more particularly photon-counting CT…

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has developed over the last few decades into a valuable crystallographic characterisation method for a wide range of sample types. Despite these advances, issues such as the complexity of sample…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Zoë Broad , Alex W. Robinson , Jack Wells , Daniel Nicholls , Amirafshar Moshtaghpour , Angus I. Kirkland , Nigel D. Browning

The thermodynamics and kinetics of tip-induced polarization switching in Piezoresponse Force Microscopy in the presence of surface charge defects is studied using the combination of analytical and numerical techniques. The signature of the…

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