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Contrastive vision-language models continue to be the dominant approach for image and text retrieval. Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) trains two neural networks in contrastive manner to align their image and text embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Kwun Ho Ngan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Joe Townsend , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Unsupervised sentence embeddings learning has been recently dominated by contrastive learning methods (e.g., SimCSE), which keep positive pairs similar and push negative pairs apart. The contrast operation aims to keep as much information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Shaobin Chen , Jie Zhou , Yuling Sun , Liang He

Matching images and sentences demands a fine understanding of both modalities. In this paper, we propose a new system to discriminatively embed the image and text to a shared visual-textual space. In this field, most existing works apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zhedong Zheng , Liang Zheng , Michael Garrett , Yi Yang , Mingliang Xu , Yi-Dong Shen

Self-supervised pre-training with contrastive learning is a powerful method for learning from sparsely labeled data. However, performance can drop considerably when there is a shift in the distribution of data from training to test time. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Robert Lewis , Katie Matton , Rosalind W. Picard , John Guttag

Code contrastive pre-training has recently achieved significant progress on code-related tasks. In this paper, we present \textbf{SCodeR}, a \textbf{S}oft-labeled contrastive pre-training framework with two positive sample construction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Xiaonan Li , Daya Guo , Yeyun Gong , Yun Lin , Yelong Shen , Xipeng Qiu , Daxin Jiang , Weizhu Chen , Nan Duan

Contrastive learning methods train visual encoders by comparing views from one instance to others. Typically, the views created from one instance are set as positive, while views from other instances are negative. This binary instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Chongjian Ge , Jiangliu Wang , Zhan Tong , Shoufa Chen , Yibing Song , Ping Luo

Cross-modal retrieval has drawn much attention in both computer vision and natural language processing domains. With the development of convolutional and recurrent neural networks, the bottleneck of retrieval across image-text modalities is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Jianan Chen , Lu Zhang , Qiong Wang , Cong Bai , Kidiyo Kpalma

Learning discriminative image representations plays a vital role in long-tailed image classification because it can ease the classifier learning in imbalanced cases. Given the promising performance contrastive learning has shown recently in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Peng Wang , Kai Han , Xiu-Shen Wei , Lei Zhang , Lei Wang

Trained classification models can unintentionally lead to biased representations and predictions, which can reinforce societal preconceptions and stereotypes. Existing debiasing methods for classification models, such as adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Aili Shen , Xudong Han , Trevor Cohn , Timothy Baldwin , Lea Frermann

We explore the downstream task performances for graph neural network (GNN) self-supervised learning (SSL) methods trained on subgraphs extracted from relational databases (RDBs). Intuitively, this joint use of SSL and GNNs should allow to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Shengchao Liu , David Vazquez , Jian Tang , Pierre-André Noël

This paper presents a procedure for and evaluation of using a semantic similarity metric as a loss function for neural source code summarization. Code summarization is the task of writing natural language descriptions of source code. Neural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chia-Yi Su , Collin McMillan

We propose a general model-agnostic Contrastive learning framework with Counterfactual Samples Synthesizing (CCSS) for modeling the monotonicity between the neural network output and numerical features which is critical for interpretability…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Xiaoxiao Xu , Hao Wu , Wenhui Yu , Lantao Hu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Contrastive learning has become pivotal in unsupervised representation learning, with frameworks like Momentum Contrast (MoCo) effectively utilizing large negative sample sets to extract discriminative features. However, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Duy Hoang , Huy Ngo , Khoi Pham , Tri Nguyen , Gia Bao , Huy Phan

Detecting musical versions (different renditions of the same piece) is a challenging task with important applications. Because of the ground truth nature, existing approaches match musical versions at the track level (e.g., whole song).…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Joan Serrà , R. Oguz Araz , Dmitry Bogdanov , Yuki Mitsufuji

Self-supervised learning has recently begun to rival supervised learning on computer vision tasks. Many of the recent approaches have been based on contrastive instance discrimination (CID), in which the network is trained to recognize two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Tiffany Tianhui Cai , Jonathan Frankle , David J. Schwab , Ari S. Morcos

Clustering is the task of gathering similar data samples into clusters without using any predefined labels. It has been widely studied in machine learning literature, and recent advancements in deep learning have revived interest in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Mohammadreza Sadeghi , Hadi Hojjati , Narges Armanfard

Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) is a powerful parameter estimation method for log-linear models, which avoids calculation of the partition function or its derivatives at each training step, a computationally demanding step in many cases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Zhuang Ma , Michael Collins

Noisy images are a challenge to image compression algorithms due to the inherent difficulty of compressing noise. As noise cannot easily be discerned from image details, such as high-frequency signals, its presence leads to extra bits…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Yuxin Xie , Li Yu , Farhad Pakdaman , Moncef Gabbouj

We present a new technique for learning visual-semantic embeddings for cross-modal retrieval. Inspired by hard negative mining, the use of hard negatives in structured prediction, and ranking loss functions, we introduce a simple change to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Fartash Faghri , David J. Fleet , Jamie Ryan Kiros , Sanja Fidler

Face Recognition is one of the prominent problems in the computer vision domain. Witnessing advances in deep learning, significant work has been observed in face recognition, which touched upon various parts of the recognition framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Yash Srivastava , Vaishnav Murali , Shiv Ram Dubey