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Hard scattering events in high-energy collisions produce highly virtual partons that subsequently fragment into collimated hadronic cascades. When such partonic showers evolve in a QCD medium, as in deep-inelastic scattering or heavy-ion…
Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…
Physics simulation is ubiquitous in robotics. Whether in model-based approaches (e.g., trajectory optimization), or model-free algorithms (e.g., reinforcement learning), physics simulators are a central component of modern control pipelines…
A general introduction is given in chapter 1. Chapter 2 outlines the main features of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and the theoretical motivations for going beyond it. We subsequently provide brief descriptions of a few…
Deep generative models are able to suggest new organic molecules by generating strings, trees, and graphs representing their structure. While such models allow one to generate molecules with desirable properties, they give no guarantees…
Rapidly applying the effects of detector response to physics objects (e.g. electrons, muons, showers of particles) is essential in high energy physics. Currently available tools for the transformation from truth-level physics objects to…
Since its release in 1999, the LHC experiments have been evaluating GEANT4 in view of adopting it as a replacement for the obsolescent GEANT3 transport MonteCarlo. The ALICE collaboration has decided to perform a detailed physics validation…
An extension of the ideal hadron resonance gas (HRG) model is constructed which includes the attractive and repulsive van der Waals (VDW) interactions between baryons. This VDW-HRG model yields the nuclear liquid-gas transition at low…
Hamiltonian eikonal model for multiple production in high energy hadron-hadron collisions is presented and worked out with the aim of providing a simple frame for various different observables. An important role is played by unitarity which…
NEUT is a neutrino-nucleus interaction simulation. It can be used to simulate interactions for neutrinos with between 100 MeV and a few TeV of energy. NEUT is also capable of simulating hadron interactions within a nucleus and is used to…
Understanding hadronic interactions is crucial for investigating the properties of unstable hadrons, since measuring physical quantities for unstable hadrons including the resonance mass and decay width requires simultaneous calculations of…
We introduce a new model for soft interactions in the Monte Carlo event generator Herwig. We add a new model for the simulation of diffractive final states, based on the cluster hadronization model in Herwig. The soft component of the…
Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM)-based detectors using a layer of 10B as a neutron converter is becoming popular for thermal neutron detection. A common strategy to simulate this kind of detector is based on two frameworks: Geant4 and…
This article presents, for the first time, the application of diffusion models for generating jet images corresponding to proton-proton collision events at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The kinematic variables of quark, gluon, W-boson,…
The results of high energy simulated experiments where a given hadronic particle impacts on a given target are statistically analyzed. The energy range of the projectiles goes from below the LHC scale up to the highest cosmic ray energies.…
In this paper an updated Geant4 simulation toolkit is presented describing the interactions in matter of heavy hadrons containing long-lived squarks and gluinos. Generic signatures are derived that are applicable at the Large Hadron…
Latent representations are the essence of deep generative models and determine their usefulness and power. For latent representations to be useful as generative concept representations, their latent space must support latent space…
The CALICE collaboration has constructed highly granular electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate technologies for the use in detector systems at the future International Linear Collider. These calorimeters have been…
The standard model of particle physics is an extremely successful theory of fundamental interactions, but it has many known limitations. It is therefore widely believed to be an effective field theory that describes interactions near the…
The multihadron production in nucleus-nucleus collisions and its interrelation with that in (anti)proton-proton interactions are studied by exploring the charged particle mean multiplicity collision-energy and centrality dependencies in the…