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Related papers: Beyond the Hellings-Downs curve: Non-Einsteinian g…

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Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are used to search for long-wavelength gravitational waves (GWs) by monitoring a set of spin-stable millisecond pulsars. Most theoretical analyses assume that the relevant GW sources are much more distant from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-03 Dustin R. Madison , David F. Chernoff , James M. Cordes

The recent announcement of evidence for a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWB) in pulsar timing array (PTA) data has piqued interest across the scientific community. A combined analysis of all currently available data holds…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-01 Serena Valtolina , Rutger van Haasteren

The gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) are long sought by pulsar timing array experiments (PTAs), in the forms of both a stochastic GW background (GWB) and individual sources. The evidence for a GWB was…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-27 Yunfeng Chen , Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu

Gravitational wave (GW) astrophysics is entering a multi-band era with upcoming GW detectors, enabling detailed mapping of the stochastic GW background across vast frequencies. We highlight this potential via a new physics scenario: hybrid…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-26 Yunjia Bao , Tore Boybeyi , Vuk Mandic , Lian-Tao Wang

We probe ultra-low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) with statistics of spin-down rates of milli-second pulsars (MSPs) by a method proposed in our prevous work (Yonemaru et al. 2016). The considered frequency range is $10^{-12}{\rm Hz}…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-01 Hiroki Kumamoto , Yuya Imasato , Naoyuki Yonemaru , Keitaro Takahashi , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

We study gravitational waves (GWs) induced by non-Gaussian curvature perturbations. We calculate the density parameter per logarithmic frequency interval, $\Omega_\text{GW}(k)$, given that the power spectrum of the curvature perturbation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Rong-gen Cai , Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki

The detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is essential for understanding black hole populations, especially for supermassive black hole binaries. The recent promising results from various Pulsar Timing Array (PTA)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-14 Yijun Wang , Kris Pardo , Tzu-Ching Chang , Olivier Doré

We answer frequently asked questions (FAQs) about the Hellings and Downs correlation curve -- the "smoking-gun" signature that pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) have detected gravitational waves (GWs). Many of these questions arise from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-02 Joseph D. Romano , Bruce Allen

We use the Horizon-AGN cosmological simulation to study the properties of supermassive black hole binaries (MBHBs) contributing most to the gravitational wave background (GWB) signal expected in the pulsar timing array (PTA) band. We…

The recent detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nanohertz frequencies by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) has sparked a flurry of interest. Beyond the standard interpretation that the progenitor is a network of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Bryce Cyr , Thomas Kite , Jens Chluba , J. Colin Hill , Donghui Jeong , Sandeep Kumar Acharya , Boris Bolliet , Subodh P. Patil

Scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) have recently attracted considerable interest, both as a possible explanation for the nanohertz signal reported by the Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaboration and for their connection with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 William Iania , Angelo Ricciardone

Detections of gravitational waves (GWs) since GW150914 has gained a contemporary interest in a potential quantum-classical correspondence between GWs and hypothetical gravitons. One such correspondence theory is stochastic gravity, whereby…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-17 Noah M. MacKay

We study the properties of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) produced by domain walls (DWs) during inflation without forming a network. We numerically simulate the DW production caused by a second-order phase transition…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-06 Haipeng An , Chen Yang

Pulsar Timing Arrays are playing a crucial role in the ongoing gravitational wave astronomy revolution. The current evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nHz frequencies offers an opportunity to discover…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-07 Chiara Cecchini , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

The gravitational wave (GW) signal offers a promising window into the dynamics of the early universe. The recent results from the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) could be the first glimpse of such new physics. In particular, they could point to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 Haipeng An , Boye Su , Hanwen Tai , Lian-Tao Wang , Chen Yang

A method is suggested to explore the gravitational wave background (GWB) in the frequency range from $10^{-12}$ to \hbox{$10^{-8}$ Hz}. That method is based on the precise measurements of pulsars' rotational parameters: the influence of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-08 M. S. Pshirkov

Several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) permeating our galaxy. The origin of this background is still unknown. Indeed, while the gravitational wave emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-12 Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Kyle A. Gersbach

The stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) recently discovered by several pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments is consistent with arising from a population of coalescing super-massive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). The amplitude of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Ágnes Kis-Tóth , Zoltán Haiman , Zsolt Frei

Stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is a promising tool to probe the very early universe where the standard model of particle physics and cosmology are connected closely. As a possible component of SGWB, gravitational waves (GW)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-02 Haowen Zhong , Biping Gong , Taotao Qiu

Gravitational wave (GW) searches using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are assumed to be limited by the typical average observational cadence of $1/(2~{\rm weeks})$ for a single pulsar to GW frequencies $\lesssim 4\times 10^{-7}$ Hz. We show…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-10 Yan Wang , Soumya D. Mohanty , Zhoujian Cao