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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown success in learning from graph structured data containing node/edge feature information, with application to social networks, recommendation, fraud detection and knowledge graph reasoning. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Xiang Song , Runjie Ma , Jiahang Li , Muhan Zhang , David Paul Wipf

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to process data associated with graphs. They are finding an increasing range of applications; however, as with other modern machine learning techniques, their theoretical understanding is limited.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-23 O. Duranthon , L. Zdeborová

Graph neural networks (GNNs) model nonlinear representations in graph data with applications in distributed agent coordination, control, and planning among others. Current GNN architectures assume ideal scenarios and ignore link…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Zhan Gao , Elvin Isufi , Alejandro Ribeiro

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are key tools for graph representation learning, demonstrating strong results across diverse prediction tasks. In this paper, we present Convexified Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (CGNNs), a novel and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Saar Cohen , Noa Agmon , Uri Shaham

Although significant effort has been applied to fact-checking, the prevalence of fake news over social media, which has profound impact on justice, public trust and our society, remains a serious problem. In this work, we focus on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Yi Han , Shanika Karunasekera , Christopher Leckie

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are the subject of intense focus by the machine learning community for problems involving relational reasoning. GNNs can be broadly divided into spatial and spectral approaches. Spatial approaches use a form of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-05 Kimberly Stachenfeld , Jonathan Godwin , Peter Battaglia

The quality of signal propagation in message-passing graph neural networks (GNNs) strongly influences their expressivity as has been observed in recent works. In particular, for prediction tasks relying on long-range interactions, recursive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Pradeep Kr. Banerjee , Kedar Karhadkar , Yu Guang Wang , Uri Alon , Guido Montúfar

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently received significant research attention due to their superior performance on a variety of graph-related learning tasks. Most of the current works focus on either static or dynamic graph settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Fan Zhou , Chengtai Cao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable performance on tasks involving relational data. However, small perturbations to the graph structure can significantly alter GNN outputs, raising concerns about their robustness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Bhavya Kohli , Biplab Sikdar

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) perform computations on graphs by routing the signal between graph regions using a graph shift operator or a message passing scheme. Often, the propagation of the signal leads to a loss of information, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Eden Nagar , Ya-Wei Eileen Lin , Ron Levie

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are popular deep learning models designed to process graph-structured data through recursive neighborhood aggregations in the message passing process. When applied to semi-supervised node classification, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Kevin Mancini , Islem Rekik

Message passing is a core mechanism in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), enabling the iterative update of node embeddings by aggregating information from neighboring nodes. Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) exemplify this approach by adapting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mayssa Soussia , Gita Ayu Salsabila , Mohamed Ali Mahjoub , Islem Rekik

Most state-of-the-art Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) can be defined as a form of graph convolution which can be realized by message passing between direct neighbors or beyond. To scale such GNNs to large graphs, various neighbor-, layer-, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mucong Ding , Kezhi Kong , Jingling Li , Chen Zhu , John P Dickerson , Furong Huang , Tom Goldstein

A long-standing goal in deep learning has been to characterize the learning behavior of black-box models in a more interpretable manner. For graph neural networks (GNNs), considerable advances have been made in formalizing what functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Chenxiao Yang , Qitian Wu , David Wipf , Ruoyu Sun , Junchi Yan

Although Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have exhibited the powerful ability to gather graph-structured information from neighborhood nodes via various message-passing mechanisms, the performance of GNNs is limited by poor generalization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Zhaoliang Chen , Zhihao Wu , Ylli Sadikaj , Claudia Plant , Hong-Ning Dai , Shiping Wang , Yiu-Ming Cheung , Wenzhong Guo

Despite the recent success of graph neural networks (GNN), common architectures often exhibit significant limitations, including sensitivity to oversmoothing, long-range dependencies, and spurious edges, e.g., as can occur as a result of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Yongyi Yang , Tang Liu , Yangkun Wang , Jinjing Zhou , Quan Gan , Zhewei Wei , Zheng Zhang , Zengfeng Huang , David Wipf

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) are a class of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that propagate information across the graph via local neighborhoods. The scheme gives rise to two key challenges: over-smoothing and over-squashing. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jasraj Singh , Keyue Jiang , Brooks Paige , Laura Toni

Graph learning tasks often hinge on identifying key substructure patterns -- such as triadic closures in social networks or benzene rings in molecular graphs -- that underpin downstream performance. However, most existing graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zehong Wang , Zheyuan Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Nitesh V Chawla , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been applied into a variety of graph tasks. Most existing work of GNNs is based on the assumption that the given graph data is optimal, while it is inevitable that there exists missing or incomplete edges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Qianggang Ding , Deheng Ye , Tingyang Xu , Peilin Zhao

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown its unprecedented success in many graph-related tasks. However, GNNs face the label scarcity issue as other neural networks do. Thus, recent efforts try to pre-train GNNs on a large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Zhili Wang , Shimin Di , Lei Chen , Xiaofang Zhou