Related papers: Bonded Trajectories of the $3x+\gamma$ Problem

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$, $N \geq 2$, be a smooth bounded domain. We consider the boundary value problem \begin{equation} \label{Plambda-Abstract-ch3} \tag{$P_{\lambda}$} -\Delta u = c_{\lambda}(x) u + \mu |\nabla u|^2 + h(x)\,,…

Gram's Law describes a pattern that frequently occurs in the distribution of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function along the critical line. Whenever Gram's Law holds true, it reduces the difficulty of computing the…

The Goldbach conjecture states that every even number can be decomposed as the sum of two primes. Let $D(N)$ denote the number of such prime decompositions for an even $N$. It is known that $D(N)$ can be bounded above by $$ D(N) \leq C^*…

A natural definition of the product of infinite matrices mimics the usual formulation of multiplication of finite matrices with the caveat (in the absence of any sense of convergence) that the intersection of the support of each row of the…

The $3x+1$ problem, also called the Collatz conjecture, is a very interesting unsolved mathematical problem related to computer science. This paper generalized this problem by relaxing the constraints, i.e., generalizing this deterministic…

For 0 < x < 1, take the binary expansion with infinitely many 0's, replace each 0 with -1, this gives the polarized binary expansion of x. Let R_i(x) be the ith "polarized bit" and let S_n(x) be the sum of the first n R_i(x). {S_n} is the…

This thesis generalizes the study of $C\cap(C + \alpha)$ where $C$ is the middle third Cantor set to self-affine sets in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. We present sufficient and necessary conditions for when the translation $\alpha$ produces a…

Given $A\subseteq\mathbb Z_n$, the constant $C_A(n)$ is defined to be the smallest natural number $k$ such that any sequence of $k$ elements in $\mathbb Z_n$ has an $A$-weighted zero-sum subsequence having consecutive terms. The value of…

In this paper, we study the zero sets of the confluent hypergeometric function $_{1}F_{1}(\alpha;\gamma;z):=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(\alpha)_{n}}{n!(\gamma)_{n}}z^{n}$, where $\alpha, \gamma, \gamma-\alpha\not\in \mathbb{Z}_{\leq 0}$, and…

Let $\Gamma$ be a finite subgroup of SU(2) and let $\widetilde {\Gamma} = \{\gamma_i\mid i\in J\}$ be the unitary dual of $\Gamma$. The unitary dual of SU(2) may be written $\{\pi_n\mid n\in \Bbb Z_+\}$ where $dim \pi_n = n+1$. For $n\in…

We call $n$ a cyclic number if every group of order $n$ is cyclic. It is implicit in work of Dickson, and explicit in work of Szele, that $n$ is cyclic precisely when $\gcd(n,\phi(n))=1$. With $C(x)$ denoting the count of cyclic $n\le x$,…

Let n>=3 be an odd integer. For any integer a prime to n, define the permutation gamma_{a,n} of {1,...,(n-1)/2} by gamma_{a,n}(x)=n-\dec{ax}_n if {ax}_n>=(n+1)/2, and {ax}_n if {ax}_n<=(n-1)/2, where {x}_n denotes the least nonnegative…

Let $\Gamma$ denote a distance-regular graph with classical parameters $(D, b, \alpha, \beta)$ and $D\geq 3$. Assume the intersection numbers $a_1=0$ and $a_2\not=0$. We show $\Gamma$ is 3-bounded in the sense of the article [D-bounded…

Suppose that the Riemann hypothesis is false and $\rho_{*} = 1/2 + \eta_{*} + i \gamma_{*}$, $\eta_{*} > 0$, is a nontrivial zero of the Riemann $\zeta$-function off the critical line. Under the negation of the Riemann hypothesis for the…

The ternary Goldbach conjecture (or three-prime conjecture) states that every odd number greater than 5 can be written as the sum of three primes. The purpose of this book is to give the first proof of the conjecture, in full.

We begin by considering second order dynamical systems of the from $\ddot x(t) + \gamma(t)\dot x(t) + \lambda(t)B(x(t))=0$, where $B: {\cal H}\rightarrow{\cal H}$ is a cocoercive operator defined on a real Hilbert space ${\cal H}$,…

Let $\gamma > 0\,$, $\beta > 0\,$, $\alpha > 0$ and $0 < \sigma N < 4$. In the present paper, we study, for $c > 0$ given, the constrained minimization problem \begin{equation*} \label{MinL2fixed} m(c):=\inf_{u\in S (c) }E(u),…

In the paper, some special linear combinations of the terms of rational cycles of generalized Collatz sequences are studied. It is proved that if the coefficients of the linear combinations satisfy some conditions then these linear…

Recombining trinomial trees are a workhorse for modeling discrete-event systems in option pricing, logistics, and feedback control. Because each node stores a state-dependent quantity, a depth-$D$ tree naively yields $\mathcal{O}(3^{D})$…

I begin with a simple modular form motivated proof of the following: Let $C_{n}$ in $Z/2[[t]]$ be defined by $C_{n+4} = C_{n+3} + (t^{4}+t^{3}+t^{2}+t)C_{n} + t^{n}(t^{2}+t)$, with initial values $0$, $1$, $t$ and $t^{2}$ for $C_{0}$,…