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Large language models (LLMs) have recently been shown to deliver impressive performance in various NLP tasks. To tackle multi-step reasoning tasks, few-shot chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting includes a few manually crafted step-by-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Lei Wang , Wanyu Xu , Yihuai Lan , Zhiqiang Hu , Yunshi Lan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Ee-Peng Lim

Prompting language models (LMs) with training examples and task descriptions has been seen as critical to recent successes in few-shot learning. In this work, we show that finetuning LMs in the few-shot setting can considerably reduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Robert L. Logan , Ivana Balažević , Eric Wallace , Fabio Petroni , Sameer Singh , Sebastian Riedel

There is a growing interest in natural language-based user profiles for recommender systems, which aims to enhance transparency and scrutability compared with embedding-based methods. Existing studies primarily generate these profiles using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhaolin Gao , Joyce Zhou , Yijia Dai , Thorsten Joachims

Recent progress on neural approaches for language processing has triggered a resurgence of interest on building intelligent open-domain chatbots. However, even the state-of-the-art neural chatbots cannot produce satisfying responses for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Behnam Hedayatnia , Di Jin , Yang Liu , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Recommendation systems have witnessed significant advancements and have been widely used over the past decades. However, most traditional recommendation methods are task-specific and therefore lack efficient generalization ability.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Junling Liu , Chao Liu , Peilin Zhou , Renjie Lv , Kang Zhou , Yan Zhang

In this work, we consider the problem of searching people in an unconstrained environment, with natural language descriptions. Specifically, we study how to systematically design an algorithm to effectively acquire descriptions from humans.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Vikram Shree , Wei-Lun Chao , Mark Campbell

Current methods for prompt learning in zeroshot scenarios widely rely on a development set with sufficient human-annotated data to select the best-performing prompt template a posteriori. This is not ideal because in a realworld zero-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Jinghui Lu , Dongsheng Zhu , Weidong Han , Rui Zhao , Brian Mac Namee , Fei Tan

Response generation is one of the critical components in task-oriented dialog systems. Existing studies have shown that large pre-trained language models can be adapted to this task. The typical paradigm of adapting such extremely large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sandesh Swamy , Narges Tabari , Chacha Chen , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Explainable AI is increasingly employing argumentation methods to facilitate interactive explanations between AI agents and human users. While existing approaches typically rely on predetermined human user models, there remains a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yinxu Tang , Stylianos Loukas Vasileiou , William Yeoh

Within textual emotion classification, the set of relevant labels depends on the domain and application scenario and might not be known at the time of model development. This conflicts with the classical paradigm of supervised learning in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , María-Teresa Martín-Valdivia , Roman Klinger

While large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive conversational capabilities, their proficiency in delivering personalized responses remains unclear. Although recent benchmarks automatically evaluate persona consistency in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Saleh Afzoon , Zahra Jamali , Usman Naseem , Amin Beheshti

This paper surveys and organizes research works in a new paradigm in natural language processing, which we dub "prompt-based learning". Unlike traditional supervised learning, which trains a model to take in an input x and predict an output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Pengfei Liu , Weizhe Yuan , Jinlan Fu , Zhengbao Jiang , Hiroaki Hayashi , Graham Neubig

Recent advances in machine learning and deep learning have led to the widespread use of Conversational AI in many practical applications. However, it is still very challenging to leverage auxiliary information that can provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Junfeng Liu , Christopher Symons , Ranga Raju Vatsavai

Accurately simulating the decisions of a specific individual remains challenging for large language models (LLMs), partly because persona information is often provided as static descriptions that miss the values, experiences, and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ruoxi Su , Yuhan Liu , Jingyu Hu

While pretraining language models with politically diverse content has been shown to improve downstream task fairness, such approaches require significant computational resources often inaccessible to many researchers and organizations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Stefano Civelli , Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

With a major focus on its history, difficulties, and promise, this research paper provides a thorough analysis of the chatbot technology environment as it exists today. It provides a very flexible chatbot system that makes use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shivom Aggarwal , Shourya Mehra , Pritha Mitra

The pre-trained foundation models (PFMs) have become essential for facilitating large-scale multimodal learning. Researchers have effectively employed the ``pre-train, prompt, and predict'' paradigm through prompt learning to induce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xiang Chen , Yixin Ou , Quan Feng , Lei Li , Piji Li , Haibo Ye , Sheng-Jun Huang , Shuofei Qiao , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and PaLM have demonstrated remarkable performance in various language understanding and generation tasks, their capabilities in complex reasoning and intricate knowledge utilization still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Haodi Zhang , Min Cai , Xinhe Zhang , Chen Jason Zhang , Rui Mao , Kaishun Wu

Current conversational AI systems often provide generic, one-size-fits-all interactions that overlook individual user characteristics and lack adaptive dialogue management. To address this gap, we introduce \textbf{HumAIne-chatbot}, an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Georgios Makridis , George Fragiadakis , Jorge Oliveira , Tomaz Saraiva , Philip Mavrepis , Georgios Fatouros , Dimosthenis Kyriazis

This paper introduces a system used to generate game feature suggestions based on a text prompt. Trained on the game descriptions of almost 60k games, it uses the word embeddings of a small GLoVe model to extract features and entities found…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-29 M Charity , Yash Bhartia , Daniel Zhang , Ahmed Khalifa , Julian Togelius