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Missing modalities consistently lead to significant performance degradation in multimodal models. Existing approaches either synthesize missing modalities at high computational cost or apply prompt-based fine-tuning that relies only on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hongye Zhu , Xuan Liu , Yanwen Ba , Jingye Xue , Shigeng Zhang

Multimodal remote sensing classification often suffers from missing modalities caused by sensor failures and environmental interference, leading to severe performance degradation. In this work, we rethink missing-modality learning from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qinghao Gao , Jiahui Qu , Wenqian Dong

Detecting deception by human behaviors is vital in many fields such as custom security and multimedia anti-fraud. Recently, audio-visual deception detection attracts more attention due to its better performance than using only a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zhaoxu Li , Zitong Yu , Nithish Muthuchamy Selvaraj , Xiaobao Guo , Bingquan Shen , Adams Wai-Kin Kong , Alex Kot

Multi-modal models have shown a promising capability to effectively integrate information from various sources, yet meanwhile, they are found vulnerable to pervasive perturbations, such as uni-modal attacks and missing conditions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Zequn Yang , Yake Wei , Ce Liang , Di Hu

Unified Multimodal Generative Models (UMGMs) unify visual understanding and image generation within a single autoregressive framework. However, their ability to continually learn new tasks is severely hindered by catastrophic forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xiwen Wei , Mustafa Munir , Radu Marculescu

As medical diagnoses increasingly leverage multimodal data, machine learning models are expected to effectively fuse heterogeneous information while remaining robust to missing modalities. In this work, we propose a novel multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yi Gu , Kuniaki Saito , Jiaxin Ma

Multimodal emotion recognition leverages complementary information across modalities to gain performance. However, we cannot guarantee that the data of all modalities are always present in practice. In the studies to predict the missing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Haolin Zuo , Rui Liu , Jinming Zhao , Guanglai Gao , Haizhou Li

Person identification systems often rely on audio, visual, or behavioral cues, but real-world conditions frequently present with missing or degraded modalities. To address this challenge, we propose a multimodal person identification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Aref Farhadipour , Teodora Vukovic , Volker Dellwo , Petr Motlicek , Srikanth Madikeri

Missing input sequences are common in medical imaging data, posing a challenge for deep learning models reliant on complete input data. In this work, inspired by MultiMAE [2], we develop a masked autoencoder (MAE) paradigm for multi-modal,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ayhan Can Erdur , Christian Beischl , Daniel Scholz , Jiazhen Pan , Benedikt Wiestler , Daniel Rueckert , Jan C Peeken

Multi-modal recommendation systems aim to enhance performance by integrating an item's content features across various modalities with user behavior data. Effective utilization of features from different modalities requires addressing two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Hang Zhou , Yucheng Wang , Huijing Zhan

Multimodal video understanding plays a crucial role in tasks such as action recognition and emotion classification by combining information from different modalities. However, multimodal models are prone to overfitting strong modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiaoyu Ma , Ding Ding , Hao Chen

Body-conduction microphone signals (BMS) bypass airborne sound, providing strong noise resistance. However, a complementary modality is required to compensate for the inherent loss of high-frequency information. In this study, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yunsik Kim , Yoonyoung Chung

Multimodal retrieval, which seeks to retrieve relevant content across modalities such as text or image, supports applications from AI search to contents production. Despite the success of separate-encoder approaches like CLIP align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Qiyu Wu , Shuyang Cui , Satoshi Hayakawa , Wei-Yao Wang , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Medical multi-modal pre-training has revealed promise in computer-aided diagnosis by leveraging large-scale unlabeled datasets. However, existing methods based on masked autoencoders mainly rely on data-level reconstruction tasks, but lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yupei Zhang , Li Pan , Qiushi Yang , Tan Li , Zhen Chen

Traditional multimodal learners find unified representations for tasks like visual question answering, but rely heavily on paired datasets. However, an overlooked yet potentially powerful question is: can one leverage auxiliary unpaired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Sharut Gupta , Shobhita Sundaram , Chenyu Wang , Stefanie Jegelka , Phillip Isola

Beyond achieving high performance across many vision tasks, multimodal models are expected to be robust to single-source faults due to the availability of redundant information between modalities. In this paper, we investigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Karren Yang , Wan-Yi Lin , Manash Barman , Filipe Condessa , Zico Kolter

Multi-modal learning relates information across observation modalities of the same physical phenomenon to leverage complementary information. Most multi-modal machine learning methods require that all the modalities used for training are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Vandana Rajan , Alessio Brutti , Andrea Cavallaro

Pre-trained video large language models excel at visual reasoning. However, they struggle when videos arrive with auxiliary streams, such as audio, depth map, or dense temporal evidence. In such a scenario, uniform fusion induces modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Bonan Ding , Umair Nawaz , Ufaq Khan , Abdelrahman M. Shaker , Muhammad Haris Khan , Jiale Cao , Jin Xie , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

In this paper, we tackle two challenges in multimodal learning for visual recognition: 1) when missing-modality occurs either during training or testing in real-world situations; and 2) when the computation resources are not available to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Yi-Lun Lee , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chen Chiu , Chen-Yu Lee

Recent studies have focused on utilizing multi-modal data to develop robust models for facial Action Unit (AU) detection. However, the heterogeneity of multi-modal data poses challenges in learning effective representations. One such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xiang Zhang , Huiyuan Yang , Taoyue Wang , Xiaotian Li , Lijun Yin