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Recent advances in multimodal learning has resulted in powerful vision-language models, whose representations are generalizable across a variety of downstream tasks. Recently, their generalization ability has been further extended by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Koustava Goswami , Srikrishna Karanam , Prateksha Udhayanan , K J Joseph , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan

Contrastive learning has been frequently investigated to learn effective representations for text clustering tasks. While existing contrastive learning-based text clustering methods only focus on modeling instance-wise semantic similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Qian Yong , Chen Chen , Xiabing Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in different fields, including standard Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. To elicit knowledge from LLMs, prompts play a key role, consisting of natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi , Rakif Khan , Ali Ezzat Shahroor , Boushra Bendou , Maram Hasanain , Firoj Alam

Model checking is a key technique for verifying safety-critical systems against formal specifications, where recent applications of deep learning have shown promise. However, while ubiquitous for vision and language domains, representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Vladimir Krsmanovic , Matthias Cosler , Mohamed Ghanem , Bernd Finkbeiner

Multilingual programming, which involves using multiple programming languages (PLs) in a single project, is increasingly common due to its benefits. However, it introduces cross-language bugs (CLBs), which arise from interactions between…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Zengyang Li , Yimeng Li , Binbin Huang , Peng Liang , Ran Mo , Hui Liu , Yutao Ma

We introduce CLaMP: Contrastive Language-Music Pre-training, which learns cross-modal representations between natural language and symbolic music using a music encoder and a text encoder trained jointly with a contrastive loss. To pre-train…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Shangda Wu , Dingyao Yu , Xu Tan , Maosong Sun

Pioneering dual-encoder pre-training works (e.g., CLIP and ALIGN) have revealed the potential of aligning multi-modal representations with contrastive learning. However, these works require a tremendous amount of data and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Quan Cui , Boyan Zhou , Yu Guo , Weidong Yin , Hao Wu , Osamu Yoshie , Yubo Chen

Text-video retrieval aims to find the most semantically similar videos with given text queries. However, since videos contain more diverse content than texts, the main semantics expressed by each text-video pair is often partially relevant.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaolun Jing , Xinxing Yang , Genke Yang

Variable names are critical for conveying intended program behavior. Machine learning-based program analysis methods use variable name representations for a wide range of tasks, such as suggesting new variable names and bug detection.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Qibin Chen , Jeremy Lacomis , Edward J. Schwartz , Graham Neubig , Bogdan Vasilescu , Claire Le Goues

Dense retrieval (DR) has shown promising results in information retrieval. In essence, DR requires high-quality text representations to support effective search in the representation space. Recent studies have shown that pre-trained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Xinyu Ma , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have upended decades of pedagogy in computing education. Students previously learned to code through \textit{writing} many small problems with less emphasis on code reading and comprehension. Recent research has…

Graph-level representations are critical in various real-world applications, such as predicting the properties of molecules. But in practice, precise graph annotations are generally very expensive and time-consuming. To address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Shuai Lin , Pan Zhou , Zi-Yuan Hu , Shuojia Wang , Ruihui Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Liang Lin , Eric Xing , Xiaodan Liang

While contrastive learning is proven to be an effective training strategy in computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP) is only recently adopting it as a self-supervised alternative to Masked Language Modeling (MLM) for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Hooman Sedghamiz , Shivam Raval , Enrico Santus , Tuka Alhanai , Mohammad Ghassemi

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

Cross-modality retrieval encompasses retrieval tasks where the fetched items are of a different type than the search query, e.g., retrieving pictures relevant to a given text query. The state-of-the-art approach to cross-modality retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Matthias Dorfer , Jan Schlüter , Andreu Vall , Filip Korzeniowski , Gerhard Widmer

Code search aims to retrieve semantically relevant code snippets for natural language queries. While pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable performance in this task, they struggle in cross-domain scenarios, often requiring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Keyu Liang , Zhongxin Liu , Chao Liu , Zhiyuan Wan , David Lo , Xiaohu Yang

Cross-modal retrieval (CMR) typically involves learning common representations to directly measure similarities between multimodal samples. Most existing CMR methods commonly assume multimodal samples in pairs and employ joint training to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Ruitao Pu , Yang Qin , Dezhong Peng , Xiaomin Song , Huiming Zheng

Prompts have been shown to be an effective method to adapt a frozen Pretrained Language Model (PLM) to perform well on downstream tasks. Prompts can be represented by a human-engineered word sequence or by a learned continuous embedding. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Jonathan Pilault , Can Liu , Mohit Bansal , Markus Dreyer

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for simulating user behavior in the domain of Interactive Information Retrieval has recently gained significant popularity. However, their application and capabilities remain highly debated and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Andreas Konstantin Kruff , Timo Breuer , Philipp Schaer

Contrastive learning is a well-established paradigm in representation learning. The standard framework of contrastive learning minimizes the distance between "similar" instances and maximizes the distance between dissimilar ones in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Naghmeh Ghanooni , Barbod Pajoum , Harshit Rawal , Sophie Fellenz , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Marius Kloft