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Many NLP classification tasks, such as sexism/racism detection or toxicity detection, are based on human values. Yet, human values can vary under diverse cultural conditions. Therefore, we introduce a framework for value-aligned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Yejin Bang , Tiezheng Yu , Andrea Madotto , Zhaojiang Lin , Mona Diab , Pascale Fung

In this study, we propose a structured methodology that utilizes large language models (LLMs) in a cost-efficient and parsimonious manner, integrating the strengths of scholars and machines while offsetting their respective weaknesses. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Navid Asgari , Benjamin M. Cole

The generative large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for data augmentation tasks, where text samples are paraphrased (or generated anew) and then used for classifier fine-tuning. Existing works on augmentation leverage the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jan Cegin , Branislav Pecher , Jakub Simko , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova , Peter Brusilovsky

We present FastFit, a method, and a Python package design to provide fast and accurate few-shot classification, especially for scenarios with many semantically similar classes. FastFit utilizes a novel approach integrating batch contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Asaf Yehudai , Elron Bendel

Large pre-trained language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable ability as few-shot learners. However, their success hinges largely on scaling model parameters to a degree that makes it challenging to train and serve. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Sinong Wang , Han Fang , Madian Khabsa , Hanzi Mao , Hao Ma

Few-shot classification (FSC) is a fundamental yet challenging task in computer vision that involves recognizing novel classes from limited data. While previous methods have focused on enhancing visual features or incorporating additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Fan Liu , Wenwen Cai , Jian Huo , Chuanyi Zhang , Delong Chen , Jun Zhou

Data scarcity is a common problem in NLP, especially when the annotation pertains to nuanced socio-linguistic concepts that require specialized knowledge. As a result, few-shot identification of these concepts is desirable. Few-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Shamik Roy , Nishanth Sridhar Nakshatri , Dan Goldwasser

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

Rare events, due to their infrequent occurrences, do not have much data, and hence deep learning techniques fail in estimating the distribution for such data. Open-vocabulary models represent an innovative approach to image classification.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Payal Kamboj , Ayan Banerjee , Bin Xu , Sandeep Gupta

Fine-tuned pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved awesome performance on almost all NLP tasks. By using additional prompts to fine-tune PLMs, we can further stimulate the rich knowledge distributed in PLMs to better serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xu Han , Weilin Zhao , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

The ability to learn from limited data, or few-shot learning, is a desirable and often critical requirement for NLP systems. While many existing methods do poorly at learning from a handful of examples, large pretrained language models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Sawan Kumar , Partha Talukdar

As unlabeled data carry rich task-relevant information, they are proven useful for few-shot learning of language model. The question is how to effectively make use of such data. In this work, we revisit the self-training technique for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Yiming Chen , Yan Zhang , Chen Zhang , Grandee Lee , Ran Cheng , Haizhou Li

Existing approaches to few-shot learning in NLP rely on large language models (LLMs) and/or fine-tuning of these to generalise on out-of-distribution data. In this work, we propose a novel few-shot learning approach based on soft-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Avyav Kumar Singh , Ekaterina Shutova , Helen Yannakoudakis

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse visual tasks, including image recognition, video understanding, and Visual Question Answering (VQA) when explicitly trained for these tasks. Despite these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Sivan Doveh , Nimrod Shabtay , Wei Lin , Eli Schwartz , Hilde Kuehne , Raja Giryes , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , M. Jehanzeb Mirza

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jorg Bornschein , Clare Lyle , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki , Xu Owen He , Razvan Pascanu

With the rapid development of large language models (LLM), the evaluation of LLM becomes increasingly important. Measuring text generation tasks such as summarization and article creation is very difficult. Especially in specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Kaiqi Zhang , Shuai Yuan , Honghan Zhao

As large language models (LLMs) are widely adopted, new safety issues and policies emerge, to which existing safety classifiers do not generalize well. If we have only observed a few examples of violations of a new safety rule, how can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ananth Balashankar , Xiao Ma , Aradhana Sinha , Ahmad Beirami , Yao Qin , Jilin Chen , Alex Beutel

The task of few-shot image classification and segmentation (FS-CS) requires the classification and segmentation of target objects in a query image, given only a few examples of the target classes. We introduce a method that utilises large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Tian Meng , Yang Tao , Wuliang Yin

Prompting methods have shown impressive performance in a variety of text mining tasks and applications, especially few-shot ones. Despite the promising prospects, the performance of prompting model largely depends on the design of prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hongyuan Dong , Weinan Zhang , Wanxiang Che

Online learning has experienced rapid growth due to its flexibility and accessibility. Personalization, adapted to the needs of individual learners, is crucial for enhancing the learning experience, particularly in online settings. A key…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mohammadreza Molavi , Mohammadreza Tavakoli , Mohammad Moein , Abdolali Faraji , Gábor Kismihók