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An equivalent width (EW) based classification may cause the erroneous judgement to the flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and BL Lacerate objects (BL Lac) due to the diluting the line features by dramatic variations in the jet continuum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-14 Shi-Ju Kang , Yong-Gang Zheng , Qingwen Wu

The third catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi-LAT (3LAC) is presented. It is based on the third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) of sources detected between 100 MeV and 300 GeV with a Test Statistic (TS) greater than 25,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-16 M. Ackermann , M. Ajello , W. Atwood , L. Baldini , J. Ballet , G. Barbiellini , D. Bastieri , J. Gonzalez , R. Bellazzini , E. Bissaldi , R. Blandford , E. Bloom , R. Bonino , E. Bottacini , T. Brandt , J. Bregeon , R. Britto , P. Bruel , R. Buehler , S. Buson , G. Caliandro , R. Cameron , M. Caragiulo , P. Caraveo , J. Casandjian , E. Cavazzuti , C. Cecchi , E. Charles , A. Chekhtman , C. Cheung , J. Chiang , G. Chiaro , S. Ciprini , R. Claus , J. Cohen-Tanugi , L. Cominsky , J. Conrad , S. Cutini , R. D'Abrusco , F. D'Ammando , A. Angelis , R. Desiante , S. Digel , L. Venere , P. Drell , C. Favuzzi , S. Fegan , E. Ferrara , J. Finke , W. Focke , A. Franckowiak , L. Fuhrmann , A. Furniss , P. Fusco , F. Gargano , D. Gasparrini , N. Giglietto , P. Giommi , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , T. Glanzman , G. Godfrey , I. Grenier , J. Grove , S. Guiriec , J. W. Hewitt , A. Hill , D. Horan , G. J'ohannesson , A. Johnson , W. Johnson , J. Kataoka , M. Kuss , G. Mura , S. Larsson , L. Latronico , C. Leto , J. Li , L. Li , F. Longo , F. Loparco , B. Lott , M. Lovellette , P. Lubrano , G. Madejski , M. Mayer , M. Mazziotta , J. McEnery , P. Michelson , T. Mizuno , A. Moiseev , M. Monzani , A. Morselli , I. Moskalenko , S. Murgia , E. Nuss , M. Ohno , T. Ohsugi , R. Ojha , N. Omodei , M. Orienti , E. Orlando , A. Paggi , D. Paneque , J. Perkins , M. Pesce-Rollins , F. Piron , G. Pivato , T. Porter , S. Rain`o , R. Rando , M. Razzano , S. Razzaque , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , R. Romani , D. Salvetti , M. Schaal , F. Schinzel , A. Schulz , C. Sgr`o , E. Siskind , K. Sokolovsky , F. Spada , G. Spandre , P. Spinelli , L. Stawarz , D. Suson , H. Takahashi , T. Takahashi , Y. Tanaka , J. Thayer , J. Thayer , L. Tibaldo , D. Torres , E. Torresi , G. Tosti , E. Troja , Y. Uchiyama , G. Vianello , B. Winer , K. Wood , S. Zimmer

The Fermi Gamma-ray Observatory discovered about a thousand extragalactic sources emitting energy from 100 MeV to 100 GeV. The majority of these sources belong to the class of blazars characterized by a quasi-featureless optical spectrum…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-02 Simona Paiano , Renato Falomo , Marco Landoni , Aldo Treves , Riccardo Scarpa

Blazars, one of the most extreme class of active galaxies, constitute so far the largest known population of $\gamma$-ray sources and their number is continuously growing in the Fermi catalogs. However in the latest release of the Fermi…

We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of gamma-ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-27 LAT collaboration

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi satellite allows us to study the high-energy gamma-ray sky with unprecedented sensitivity. However, the origin of 31% of the detected gamma-ray sources remains unknown. This population of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 Hannes-S. Zechlin , Dieter Horns

Active Galaxies with a jet pointing towards us, so-called blazars, play an important role in the field of high-energy astrophysics. One of the most important features in the classification scheme of blazars is the peak frequency of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-11 Theo Glauch , Tobias Kerscher , Paolo Giommi

The extragalactic gamma-ray sky is dominated by the emission arising from blazars, one of the most peculiar classes of radio-loud active galaxies. Since the launch of Fermi several methods were developed to search for blazars as potential…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-24 F. Ricci , F. Massaro , M. Landoni , R. D'Abrusco , D. Milisavljevic , D. Stern , N. Masetti , A. Paggi , Howard A. Smith , G. Tosti

Blazars are a small fraction of all extragalactic sources but, unlike other objects, they are strong emitters across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Recent data in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum have become…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-24 D. Gasparrini , E. Cavazzuti , P. Giommi , C. Pittori , S. Colafrancesco , Fermi-LAT collaboration

Blazars are high-energy engines providing us natural laboratories to study particle acceleration, relativistic plasma processes, magnetic field dynamics, black hole physics. Key informations are provided by observations at high-energy (in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 F. Tavecchio

We have recently proposed a new simplified scenario where blazars are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler boosted radiation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 P. Giommi , P. Padovani , G. Polenta

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope provides an unprecedented opportunity to study gamma-ray blazars. To capitalize on this opportunity, beginning in late 2007, about a year before the start of LAT…

The radio properties of blazars detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have been observed contemporaneously by the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). In total, 232 sources were observed with…

Despite the fact that blazars constitute the rarest class among active galactic nuclei (AGNs) they are the largest known population of associated $\gamma$-ray sources. Many of the $\gamma$-ray objects listed in the Fermi-Large Area…

BL Lac Objects (BL Lacs) and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) are radio-loud active galaxies (AGNs) whose jets are seen at a small viewing angle (blazars), while Misaligned Active Galactic Nuclei (MAGNs) are mainly radiogalaxies of type…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-20 G. Chiaro , M. Meyer , N. Alvarez Crespo , R. J. Britto , J. P. Marais , B. van Soelen , D. Salvetti , G. La Mura , D. J Thompson

Nearly 50% of all sources detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope are classified as blazars or blazar candidates, one of the most elusive classes of active galaxies. Additional blazars can also be hidden within the sample of unidentified…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-13 E. J. Marchesini , A. Paggi , F. Massaro , N. Masetti , R. D'Abrusco , I. Andruchow

In preparation for GLAST, we have compiled a sample of blazar candidates to increase the pool of well studied AGN from which GLAST counterparts will be drawn. Sources were selected with our Figure of Merit (FoM) ranking; thus, they have…

During its first four years of scientific observations, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) detected 3033 $\gamma$-ray sources above a 4$\sigma$ significance level. Although most of the extra-Galactic sources are active galactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 G. La Mura , G. Chiaro , S. Ciroi , P. Rafanelli , D. Salvetti , M. Berton , V. Cracco

At GeV energies, the sky is dominated by the interstellar emission from the Galaxy. With limited statistics and spatial resolution, accurately separating point sources is therefore challenging. Here we present the first application of deep…

The identification of low-energy counterparts for gamma-ray sources is one of the biggest challenge in modern gamma-ray astronomy. Recently, we developed and successfully applied a new association method to recognize gamma-ray blazar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 F. Massaro , A. Paggi , R. D'Abrusco , G. Tosti