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Vision Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success by integrating visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). While VLMs process dense image tokens across deep transformer stacks (incurring substantial computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sambit Ghosh , R. Venkatesh Babu , Chirag Agarwal

In recent years, general visual foundation models (VFMs) have witnessed increasing adoption, particularly as image encoders for popular multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). However, without semantically fine-grained supervision, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Tongkun Guan , Zining Wang , Pei Fu , Zhengtao Guo , Wei Shen , Kai Zhou , Tiezhu Yue , Chen Duan , Hao Sun , Qianyi Jiang , Junfeng Luo , Xiaokang Yang

The frequent need for analysts to create visualizations to derive insights from data has driven extensive research into the generation of natural Language to Visualization (NL2VIS). While recent progress in large language models (LLMs)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Xinyu Wang , Chenwei Liang , Shunyuan Zheng , Jinyuan Liang , Guozheng Li , Yu Zhang , Chi Harold Liu

Text-conditioned image generation models have recently shown immense qualitative success using denoising diffusion processes. However, unlike discriminative vision-and-language models, it is a non-trivial task to subject these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Benno Krojer , Elinor Poole-Dayan , Vikram Voleti , Christopher Pal , Siva Reddy

Amidst the advancements in image-based Large Vision-Language Models (image-LVLM), the transition to video-based models (video-LVLM) is hindered by the limited availability of quality video data. This paper addresses the challenge by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Shimin Chen , Yitian Yuan , Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Lin Ma

Notable breakthroughs in unified understanding and generation modeling have led to remarkable advancements in image understanding, reasoning, production and editing, yet current foundational models predominantly focus on processing images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhiyu Tan , Hao Yang , Luozheng Qin , Jia Gong , Mengping Yang , Hao Li

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across various visual understanding and reasoning tasks, driven by incorporating image representations into the token inputs of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kevin Y. Li , Sachin Goyal , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Despite interpretability work analyzing VIT encoders and transformer activations, we don't yet understand why Multimodal Language Models (MLMs) struggle on perception-heavy tasks. We offer an under-studied perspective by examining how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Benlin Liu , Amita Kamath , Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Winson Han , Ranjay Krishna

In this paper, we presents a novel method for improving text-to-image generation by combining Large Language Models (LLMs) with diffusion models, a hybrid approach aimed at achieving both higher quality and efficiency in image synthesis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Julian Perry , Frank Sanders , Carter Scott

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) dominate high-quality image generation, yet integrating representation learning with generative modeling remains a challenge. We introduce a novel generative image modeling framework that seamlessly bridges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Theodoros Kouzelis , Efstathios Karypidis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

Modern Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) typically operate in low-level Variational Autoencoder (VAE) latent spaces that are primarily optimized for pixel-level reconstruction. To unify vision generation and understanding, a burgeoning trend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Shilong Zhang , He Zhang , Zhifei Zhang , Chongjian Ge , Shuchen Xue , Shaoteng Liu , Mengwei Ren , Soo Ye Kim , Yuqian Zhou , Qing Liu , Daniil Pakhomov , Kai Zhang , Zhe Lin , Ping Luo

Multimodal learning has rapidly advanced visual understanding, largely via multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that use powerful LLMs as cognitive cores. In visual generation, however, these powerful core models are typically reduced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Han Lin , Xichen Pan , Ziqi Huang , Ji Hou , Jialiang Wang , Weifeng Chen , Zecheng He , Felix Juefei-Xu , Junzhe Sun , Zhipeng Fan , Ali Thabet , Mohit Bansal , Chu Wang

Large Vision Language Models (VLMs) effectively bridge the modality gap through extensive pretraining, acquiring sophisticated visual representations aligned with language. However, it remains underexplored whether these representations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiahao Guo , Sinan Du , Jingfeng Yao , Wenyu Liu , Bo Li , Haoxiang Cao , Kun Gai , Chun Yuan , Kai Wu , Xinggang Wang

Generative diffusion models are developing rapidly and attracting increasing attention due to their wide range of applications. Image-to-Video (I2V) generation has become a major focus in the field of video synthesis. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ailing Zhang , Lina Lei , Dehong Kong , Zhixin Wang , Jiaqi Xu , Fenglong Song , Chun-Le Guo , Chang Liu , Fan Li , Jie Chen

Visual metaphors are powerful rhetorical devices used to persuade or communicate creative ideas through images. Similar to linguistic metaphors, they convey meaning implicitly through symbolism and juxtaposition of the symbols. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Tuhin Chakrabarty , Arkadiy Saakyan , Olivia Winn , Artemis Panagopoulou , Yue Yang , Marianna Apidianaki , Smaranda Muresan

Recent work in image and video generation has been adopting the autoregressive LLM architecture due to its generality and potentially easy integration into multi-modal systems. The crux of applying autoregressive training in language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Xiaochuang Han , Marjan Ghazvininejad , Pang Wei Koh , Yulia Tsvetkov

Diffusion models have gained tremendous success in text-to-image generation, yet still lag behind with visual understanding tasks, an area dominated by autoregressive vision-language models. We propose a large-scale and fully end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zijie Li , Henry Li , Yichun Shi , Amir Barati Farimani , Yuval Kluger , Linjie Yang , Peng Wang

The Open-MAGVIT2 project produces an open-source replication of Google's MAGVIT-v2 tokenizer, a tokenizer with a super-large codebook (i.e., $2^{18}$ codes), and achieves the state-of-the-art reconstruction performance on ImageNet and UCF…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhuoyan Luo , Fengyuan Shi , Yixiao Ge , Yujiu Yang , Limin Wang , Ying Shan

How do video understanding models acquire their answers? Although current Vision Language Models (VLMs) reason over complex scenes with diverse objects, action performances, and scene dynamics, understanding and controlling their internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Alexandros Stergiou

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez