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Simultaneous translation, which starts translating each sentence after receiving only a few words in source sentence, has a vital role in many scenarios. Although the previous prefix-to-prefix framework is considered suitable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Zhengxin Yang

We present EE-LLM, a framework for large-scale training and inference of early-exit large language models (LLMs). While recent works have shown preliminary evidence for the efficacy of early exiting in accelerating LLM inference, EE-LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yanxi Chen , Xuchen Pan , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Speculative decoding has emerged as a promising approach to accelerate autoregressive inference in large language models (LLMs). Self-draft methods, which leverage the base LLM itself for speculation, avoid the overhead of auxiliary draft…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zhuofan Wen , Yang Feng

Well-trained deep neural networks (DNNs) treat all test samples equally during prediction. Adaptive DNN inference with early exiting leverages the observation that some test examples can be easier to predict than others. This paper presents…

In real scenarios, it is often necessary and significant to control the inference speed of speech enhancement systems under different conditions. To this end, we propose a stage-wise adaptive inference approach with early exit mechanism for…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Andong Li , Chengshi Zheng , Lu Zhang , Xiaodong Li

Early Exiting (EE) is a promising technique for speeding up inference by adaptively allocating compute resources to data points based on their difficulty. The approach enables predictions to exit at earlier layers for simpler samples while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Mehrnaz Mofakhami , Reza Bayat , Ioannis Mitliagkas , Joao Monteiro , Valentina Zantedeschi

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, the substantial number of parameters in LLMs contributes to significant latency during model inference. This is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Pengfei Wu , Jiahao Liu , Zhuocheng Gong , Qifan Wang , Jinpeng Li , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

Early Exit (EE) techniques have emerged as a means to reduce inference latency in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). The latency improvement and accuracy in these techniques crucially depend on the criteria used to make exit decisions. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Discrete normalizing flows are promising generative models with advantages such as analytical log-likelihood computation and end-to-end training. However, the architectural constraints to ensure invertibility and tractable Jacobian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jiaru Zhang , Juanwu Lu , Xiaoyu Wu , Ziran Wang , Ruqi Zhang

Inference latency stands as a critical bottleneck in the large-scale deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Speculative decoding methods have recently shown promise in accelerating inference without compromising the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ruilin Wang , Huixia Li , Yuexiao Ma , Xiawu Zheng , Fei Chao , Xuefeng Xiao , Rongrong Ji

Speculative decoding has proven to be an efficient solution to large language model (LLM) inference, where the small drafter predicts future tokens at a low cost, and the target model is leveraged to verify them in parallel. However, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zilin Xiao , Hongming Zhang , Tao Ge , Siru Ouyang , Vicente Ordonez , Dong Yu

Early exiting allows instances to exit at different layers according to the estimation of difficulty. Previous works usually adopt heuristic metrics such as the entropy of internal outputs to measure instance difficulty, which suffers from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Tianxiang Sun , Xiangyang Liu , Wei Zhu , Zhichao Geng , Lingling Wu , Yilong He , Yuan Ni , Guotong Xie , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Despite the remarkable strides made by autoregressive language models, their potential is often hampered by the slow inference speeds inherent in sequential token generation. Blockwise parallel decoding (BPD) was proposed by Stern et al. as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Taehyeon Kim , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Kishore Papineni , Michael Riley , Sanjiv Kumar , Adrian Benton

While large scale pre-trained language models such as BERT have achieved great success on various natural language understanding tasks, how to efficiently and effectively incorporate them into sequence-to-sequence models and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Junliang Guo , Zhirui Zhang , Linli Xu , Hao-Ran Wei , Boxing Chen , Enhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse domains but are increasingly constrained by high inference latency. Early Exit has emerged as a promising solution to accelerate inference by dynamically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yingtao Shen , An Zou

Large reasoning models that use long chain-of-thought excel at problem-solving yet waste compute on redundant checks. Curbing this overthinking is hard: training-time length penalties can cripple ability, while inference-time early-exit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Benteng Chen , Weida Wang , Shufei Zhang , Mingbao Lin , Min Zhang

Diffusion models have achieved unprecedented performance in image generation, yet they suffer from slow inference due to their iterative sampling process. To address this, early-exiting has recently been proposed, where the depth of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Daniel Gallo Fernández , Răzvan-Andrei Matişan , Alejandro Monroy Muñoz , Ana-Maria Vasilcoiu , Janusz Partyka , Tin Hadži Veljković , Metod Jazbec

Generative approaches have been recently shown to be effective for both Entity Disambiguation and Entity Linking (i.e., joint mention detection and disambiguation). However, the previously proposed autoregressive formulation for EL suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Nicola De Cao , Wilker Aziz , Ivan Titov

Large language models (LLMs) suffer from high inference latency due to the auto-regressive decoding process. Speculative decoding accelerates inference by generating multiple draft tokens using a lightweight model and verifying them in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yixuan Wang , Yijun Liu , Shiyu ji , Yuzhuang Xu , Yang Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Radar sensors offer power-efficient solutions for always-on smart devices, but processing the data streams on resource-constrained embedded platforms remains challenging. This paper presents novel techniques that leverage the temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Max Sponner , Julius Ott , Lorenzo Servadei , Bernd Waschneck , Robert Wille , Akash Kumar