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Backdoor (Trojan) attacks are emerging threats against deep neural networks (DNN). A DNN being attacked will predict to an attacker-desired target class whenever a test sample from any source class is embedded with a backdoor pattern; while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Xi Li , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Backdoor attacks pose a significant security vulnerability for deep neural networks (DNNs), enabling them to operate normally on clean inputs but manipulate predictions when specific trigger patterns occur. Currently, post-training backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yanghao Su , Jie Zhang , Ting Xu , Tianwei Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Previous works have shown it extremely challenging to unlearn the undesired backdoor behavior from the network, since the entire network can be affected by the backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Haotao Wang , Junyuan Hong , Aston Zhang , Jiayu Zhou , Zhangyang Wang

Backdoor attacks are among the most effective, practical, and stealthy attacks in deep learning. In this paper, we consider a practical scenario where a developer obtains a deep model from a third party and uses it as part of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Dorde Popovic , Amin Sadeghi , Ting Yu , Sanjay Chawla , Issa Khalil

Deep neural networks (DNNs) and natural language processing (NLP) systems have developed rapidly and have been widely used in various real-world fields. However, they have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Jiali Wei , Ming Fan , Wenjing Jiao , Wuxia Jin , Ting Liu

Deep anomaly detection on sequential data has garnered significant attention due to the wide application scenarios. However, deep learning-based models face a critical security threat - their vulnerability to backdoor attacks. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 He Cheng , Shuhan Yuan

The backdoor attack poses a new security threat to deep neural networks. Existing backdoor often relies on visible universal trigger to make the backdoored model malfunction, which are not only usually visually suspicious to human but also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Xiangqi Wang , Mingfu Xue , Kewei Chen , Jing Xu , Wenmao Liu , Leo Yu Zhang , Yushu Zhang

Deep neural networks have played a crucial part in many critical domains, such as autonomous driving, face recognition, and medical diagnosis. However, deep neural networks are facing security threats from backdoor attacks and can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jiyang Guan , Jian Liang , Ran He

Backdoor attacks are rapidly emerging threats to deep neural networks (DNNs). In the backdoor attack scenario, attackers usually implant the backdoor into the target model by manipulating the training dataset or training process. Then, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Nan Zhong , Zhenxing Qian , Xinpeng Zhang

Backdoor attacks change a small portion of training data by introducing hand-crafted triggers and rewiring the corresponding labels towards a desired target class. Training on such data injects a backdoor which causes malicious inference in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Ivan Sabolić , Ivan Grubišić , Siniša Šegvić

Deep learning is becoming increasingly popular in real-life applications, especially in natural language processing (NLP). Users often choose training outsourcing or adopt third-party data and models due to data and computation resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Xuan Sheng , Zhaoyang Han , Piji Li , Xiangmao Chang

Dense retrieval systems have been widely used in various NLP applications. However, their vulnerabilities to potential attacks have been underexplored. This paper investigates a novel attack scenario where the attackers aim to mislead the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Quanyu Long , Yue Deng , LeiLei Gan , Wenya Wang , Sinno Jialin Pan

When an adversary provides poison samples to a machine learning model, privacy leakage, such as membership inference attacks that infer whether a sample was included in the training of the model, becomes effective by moving the sample to an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Yumeki Goto , Nami Ashizawa , Toshiki Shibahara , Naoto Yanai

Third-party resources ($e.g.$, samples, backbones, and pre-trained models) are usually involved in the training of deep neural networks (DNNs), which brings backdoor attacks as a new training-phase threat. In general, backdoor attackers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Yiming Li , Mengxi Ya , Yang Bai , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have gain its popularity in various scenarios in recent years. However, its excellent ability of fitting complex functions also makes it vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, a backdoor can remain hidden…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Xinrui Liu , Yu-an Tan , Yajie Wang , Kefan Qiu , Yuanzhang Li

Backdoor attacks are a kind of emergent security threat in deep learning. After being injected with a backdoor, a deep neural model will behave normally on standard inputs but give adversary-specified predictions once the input contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yangyi Chen , Fanchao Qi , Hongcheng Gao , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

As the capacity of deep neural networks (DNNs) increases, their need for huge amounts of data significantly grows. A common practice is to outsource the training process or collect more data over the Internet, which introduces the risks of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Soroush Hashemifar , Saeed Parsa , Morteza Zakeri-Nasrabadi

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become a powerful toolfor a wide range of problems. Yet recent work has found an increasing variety of adversarial samplesthat can fool them. Most existing detection mechanisms against adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Ilia Shumailov , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Ross Anderson

Backdoor attacks threaten Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Towards stealthiness, researchers propose clean-label backdoor attacks, which require the adversaries not to alter the labels of the poisoned training datasets. Clean-label settings…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Nan Luo , Yuanzhang Li , Yajie Wang , Shangbo Wu , Yu-an Tan , Quanxin Zhang

Modern NLP models are often trained on public datasets drawn from diverse sources, rendering them vulnerable to data poisoning attacks. These attacks can manipulate the model's behavior in ways engineered by the attacker. One such tactic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Jun Wang , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Trevor Cohn