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Image-generative artificial intelligence (AI) has garnered significant attention in recent years. In particular, the diffusion model, a core component of generative AI, produces high-quality images with rich diversity. In this study, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Sho Ozaki , Shizuo Kaji , Toshikazu Imae , Kanabu Nawa , Hideomi Yamashita , Keiichi Nakagawa

The generation of medical images presents significant challenges due to their high-resolution and three-dimensional nature. Existing methods often yield suboptimal performance in generating high-quality 3D medical images, and there is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Haoshen Wang , Zhentao Liu , Kaicong Sun , Xiaodong Wang , Dinggang Shen , Zhiming Cui

Low-dose computed tomography (CT) denoising is crucial for reduced radiation exposure while ensuring diagnostically acceptable image quality. Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning (DL) in recent years, existing DL-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhihao Chen , Qi Gao , Zilong Li , Junping Zhang , Yi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Hongming Shan

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) suffer from inefficient inference due to their slow sampling and high memory consumption, which limits their applicability to various medical imaging applications. In this work, we propose a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Fahim Ahmed Zaman , Mathews Jacob , Amanda Chang , Kan Liu , Milan Sonka , Xiaodong Wu

Ultra-high resolution images are desirable in photon counting CT (PCCT), but resolution is physically limited by interactions such as charge sharing. Deep learning is a possible method for super-resolution (SR), but sourcing paired training…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Christopher Wiedeman , Chuang Niu , Mengzhou Li , Bruno De Man , Jonathan S Maltz , Ge Wang

Temporal volume images with 3D+t (4D) information are often used in medical imaging to statistically analyze temporal dynamics or capture disease progression. Although deep-learning-based generative models for natural images have been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Boah Kim , Jong Chul Ye

We introduce the Fixed Point Diffusion Model (FPDM), a novel approach to image generation that integrates the concept of fixed point solving into the framework of diffusion-based generative modeling. Our approach embeds an implicit fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Xingjian Bai , Luke Melas-Kyriazi

Computational tomography (CT) provides high-resolution medical imaging, but it can expose patients to high radiation. X-ray scanners have low radiation exposure, but their resolutions are low. This paper proposes a new conditional diffusion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Yun Su Jeong , Hye Bin Yoo , Il Yong Chun

Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging plays an essential role in contemporary clinical diagnostics. It is increasingly integrated into advanced therapeutic workflows, such as hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance (PET/MR) imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-17 Jiaxu Zheng , Meiman He , Xuhui Tang , Xiong Wang , Tuoyu Cao , Tianyi Zeng , Lichi Zhang , Chenyu You

Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides a low-dose imaging alternative to conventional CT, but suffers from noise, scatter, and artifacts that degrade image quality. Synthetic CT (sCT) aims to translate CBCT to high-quality…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Alzahra Altalib , Chunhui Li , Alessandro Perelli

Despite the ever-increasing interest in applying deep learning (DL) models to medical imaging, the typical scarcity and imbalance of medical datasets can severely impact the performance of DL models. The generation of synthetic data that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-03 Pouria Rouzrokh , Bardia Khosravi , Shahriar Faghani , Mana Moassefi , Sanaz Vahdati , Bradley J. Erickson

Image-to-image translation is a vital component in medical imaging processing, with many uses in a wide range of imaging modalities and clinical scenarios. Previous methods include Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Diffusion Models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-15 Yinchi Zhou , Tianqi Chen , Jun Hou , Huidong Xie , Nicha C. Dvornek , S. Kevin Zhou , David L. Wilson , James S. Duncan , Chi Liu , Bo Zhou

The success of Deep Learning applications critically depends on the quality and scale of the underlying training data. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can generate arbitrary large datasets, but diversity and fidelity are limited,…

Computed tomography (CT) is widely utilized in clinical settings because it delivers detailed 3D images of the human body. However, performing CT scans is not always feasible due to radiation exposure and limitations in certain surgical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-19 Xuhui Liu , Zhi Qiao , Runkun Liu , Hong Li , Juan Zhang , Xiantong Zhen , Zhen Qian , Baochang Zhang

Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in scientific imaging systems such as synchrotron and laboratory-based nano-CT, but acquiring full-view sinograms requires high radiation dose and long scan times. Sparse-view CT reduces this burden…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Jiaze E , Srutarshi Banerjee , Tekin Bicer , Guannan Wang , Yanfu Zhang , Bin Ren

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in image-guided radiotherapy. Reconstructing CBCTs from limited-angle acquisitions (LA-CBCT) is highly desired for improved imaging efficiency, dose reduction, and better mechanical…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Jiacheng Xie , Hua-Chieh Shao , Yunxiang Li , You Zhang

The tremendous progress in neural image generation, coupled with the emergence of seemingly omnipotent vision-language models has finally enabled text-based interfaces for creating and editing images. Handling generic images requires a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Omri Avrahami , Ohad Fried , Dani Lischinski

Deformable image registration plays an essential role in various medical image tasks. Existing deep learning-based deformable registration frameworks primarily utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) or Transformers to learn features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jiong Wu , Kuang Gong

Diffusion-based sparse-view CT (SVCT) imaging has achieved remarkable advancements in recent years, thanks to its more stable generative capability. However, recovering reliable image content and visually consistent textures is still a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tianqi Wang , Wenchao Du , Hongyu Yang

One-shot medical image segmentation faces fundamental challenges in prototype representation due to limited annotated data and significant anatomical variability across patients. Traditional prototype-based methods rely on deterministic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ziyuan Gao , Philippe Morel