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The policy represented by the deep neural network can overfit the spurious features in observations, which hamper a reinforcement learning agent from learning effective policy. This issue becomes severe in high-dimensional state, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

The purpose of multi-task reinforcement learning (MTRL) is to train a single policy that can be applied to a set of different tasks. Sharing parameters allows us to take advantage of the similarities among tasks. However, the gaps between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Lingfeng Sun , Haichao Zhang , Wei Xu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Cooperative multi-agent policy gradient (MAPG) algorithms have recently attracted wide attention and are regarded as a general scheme for the multi-agent system. Credit assignment plays an important role in MAPG and can induce cooperation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Wubing Chen , Wenbin Li , Xiao Liu , Shangdong Yang , Yang Gao

Inferring reward functions from demonstrations is a key challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), particularly in multi-agent RL (MARL), where large joint state-action spaces and complex inter-agent interactions complicate the task. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 The Viet Bui , Tien Mai , Hong Thanh Nguyen

This paper proposes an exploration technique for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with graph-based communication among agents. We assume the individual rewards received by the agents are independent of the actions by the other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ainur Zhaikhan , Ali H. Sayed

This paper introduces a novel approach to radio resource allocation in multi-cell wireless networks using a fully scalable multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework. A distributed method is developed where agents control…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yiming Zhang , Dongning Guo

The necessity for cooperation among intelligent machines has popularised cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in the artificial intelligence (AI) research community. However, many research endeavors have been focused on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Jakub Grudzien Kuba , Xidong Feng , Shiyao Ding , Hao Dong , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

Optimizing communication topology is fundamental to the efficiency and effectiveness of Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). While recent approaches utilize reinforcement learning to dynamically construct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yueyang Cang , Xiaoteng Zhang , Erlu Zhao , Zehua Ji , Yuhang Liu , Yuchen He , Zhiyuan Ning , Chen Yijun , Wenge Que , Li Shi

The alignment of large language models with human values presents a critical challenge, particularly when balancing conflicting objectives like helpfulness and harmlessness. Existing approaches, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuxuan Liu

It is challenging for reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to succeed in real-world applications like financial trading and logistic system due to the noisy observation and environment shifting between training and evaluation. Thus, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Zhengyu Yang , Kan Ren , Xufang Luo , Minghuan Liu , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian , Weinan Zhang , Dongsheng Li

Generative models, especially diffusion and flow-based models, have been promising in offline multi-agent reinforcement learning. However, integrating powerful generative models into this framework poses unique challenges. In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhuoran Li , Xun Wang , Hai Zhong , Qingxin Xia , Lihua Zhang , Longbo Huang

Large-scale heterogeneous multiagent systems feature various realistic factors in the real world, such as agents with diverse abilities and overall system cost. In comparison to homogeneous systems, heterogeneous systems offer significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Qingxu Fu , Zhiqiang Pu , Min Chen , Tenghai Qiu , Jianqiang Yi

Deep reinforcement learning has been able to solve various tasks successfully, however, due to the construction of policy gradient and training dynamics, tuning deep reinforcement learning models remains challenging. As one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Hanyong Wang , Menglong Yang

Offline cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) faces unique challenges due to distributional shifts, particularly stemming from the high dimensionality of joint action spaces and the presence of out-of-distribution joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Dan Qiao , Wenhao Li , Shanchao Yang , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Pareto Front Learning (PFL) was recently introduced as an efficient method for approximating the entire Pareto front, the set of all optimal solutions to a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) problem. In the previous work, the mapping…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Tran Anh Tuan , Long P. Hoang , Dung D. Le , Tran Ngoc Thang

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is central to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) in reasoning tasks with verifiable rewards. However, standard token-level PPO struggles in this setting due to the instability of temporal credit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Tianyi Wang , Yixia Li , Long Li , Yibiao Chen , Shaohan Huang , Yun Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

In various game scenarios, selecting a fixed number of targets from multiple enemy units is an extremely challenging task. This difficulty stems from the complex relationship between the threat levels of enemy units and their feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Wuzhou Sun , Siyi Li , Qingxiang Zou , Zixing Liao

Policy gradient (PG) methods are popular reinforcement learning (RL) methods where a baseline is often applied to reduce the variance of gradient estimates. In multi-agent RL (MARL), although the PG theorem can be naturally extended, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Jakub Grudzien Kuba , Muning Wen , Yaodong Yang , Linghui Meng , Shangding Gu , Haifeng Zhang , David Henry Mguni , Jun Wang

Due to practical constraints such as partial observability and limited communication, Centralized Training with Decentralized Execution (CTDE) has become the dominant paradigm in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yueheng Li , Guangming Xie , Zongqing Lu

Learning cooperative multi-agent policies directly from high-dimensional, multimodal sensory inputs like pixels and audio (from pixels) is notoriously sample-inefficient. Model-free Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sureyya Akin , Kavita Srivastava , Prateek B. Kapoor , Pradeep G. Sethi , Sunita Q. Patel , Rahu Srivastava