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Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

The variational autoencoder (VAE) imposes a probabilistic distribution (typically Gaussian) on the latent space and penalizes the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence between the posterior and prior. In NLP, VAEs are extremely difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Hareesh Bahuleyan , Lili Mou , Hao Zhou , Olga Vechtomova

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a powerful class of deep generative latent variable model for unsupervised representation learning on high-dimensional data. To ensure computational tractability, VAEs are often implemented with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Alex Campbell , Pietro Liò

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have experienced recent success as data-generating models by using simple architectures that do not require significant fine-tuning of hyperparameters. However, VAEs are known to suffer from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-22 Wei Cheng , Gregory Darnell , Sohini Ramachandran , Lorin Crawford

As a widely recognized approach to deep generative modeling, Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) still face challenges with the quality of generated images, often presenting noticeable blurriness. This issue stems from the unrealistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are a popular and powerful deep generative model. Previous works on VAEs have assumed a factorized likelihood model, whereby the output uncertainty of each pixel is assumed to be independent. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Gara Dorta , Sara Vicente , Lourdes Agapito , Neill D. F. Campbell , Ivor Simpson

Datasets displaying temporal dependencies abound in science and engineering applications, with Markov models representing a simplified and popular view of the temporal dependence structure. In this paper, we consider Bayesian settings that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Imon Banerjee , Vinayak A. Rao , Harsha Honnappa

We develop a novel method for carrying out model selection for Bayesian autoencoders (BAEs) by means of prior hyper-parameter optimization. Inspired by the common practice of type-II maximum likelihood optimization and its equivalence to…

The Gaussianity assumption has been consistently criticized as a main limitation of the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) despite its efficiency in computational modeling. In this paper, we propose a new approach that expands the model capacity…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-30 Seunghwan An , Jong-June Jeon

VAE, or variational auto-encoder, compresses data into latent attributes, and generates new data of different varieties. VAE based on KL divergence has been considered as an effective technique for data augmentation. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Zichuan Chen , Peng Liu

The surrogate loss of variational autoencoders (VAEs) poses various challenges to their training, inducing the imbalance between task fitting and representation inference. To avert this, the existing strategies for VAEs focus on adjusting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zhangkai Wu , Longbing Cao , Lei Qi

The Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) is a simple, efficient, and popular deep maximum likelihood model. Though usage of VAEs is widespread, the derivation of the VAE is not as widely understood. In this tutorial, we will provide an overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ronald Yu

Variational AutoEncoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models that merge elements from statistics and information theory with the flexibility offered by deep neural networks to efficiently solve the generation problem for high dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 A. Asperti , D. Evangelista , E. Loli Piccolomini

PAC-Bayes bounds have been proposed to get risk estimates based on a training sample. In this paper the PAC-Bayes approach is combined with stability of the hypothesis learned by a Hilbert space valued algorithm. The PAC-Bayes setting is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-31 Omar Rivasplata , Emilio Parrado-Hernandez , John Shawe-Taylor , Shiliang Sun , Csaba Szepesvari

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models with the salient ability to perform inference. Here, we introduce a quantum variational autoencoder (QVAE): a VAE whose latent generative process is implemented as a quantum…

We use the PAC-Bayesian theory for the setting of learning-to-optimize. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first framework to learn optimization algorithms with provable generalization guarantees (PAC-Bayesian bounds) and explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Michael Sucker , Jalal Fadili , Peter Ochs

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful generative model that can estimate the probability of a data point by using latent variables. In the VAE, the posterior of the latent variable given the data point is regularized by the prior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-30 Hiroshi Takahashi , Tomoharu Iwata , Yuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Satoshi Yagi

PAC-Bayes learning is an established framework to both assess the generalisation ability of learning algorithms, and design new learning algorithm by exploiting generalisation bounds as training objectives. Most of the exisiting bounds…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-31 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj

We derive PAC-Bayesian learning guarantees for heavy-tailed losses, and obtain a novel optimal Gibbs posterior which enjoys finite-sample excess risk bounds at logarithmic confidence. Our core technique itself makes use of PAC-Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-19 Matthew J. Holland

Variational autoencoders~(VAEs) have shown a promise in data-driven conversation modeling. However, most VAE conversation models match the approximate posterior distribution over the latent variables to a simple prior such as standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Xiaodong Gu , Kyunghyun Cho , Jung-Woo Ha , Sunghun Kim