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Spatio-temporal graph neural networks (STGNNs) have gained popularity as a powerful tool for effectively modeling spatio-temporal dependencies in diverse real-world urban applications, including intelligent transportation and public safety.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jiabin Tang , Lianghao Xia , Chao Huang

Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) store temporal facts with quadruple formats (s, p, o, t). Existing Temporal Knowledge Graph Embedding (TKGE) models perform link prediction tasks in transductive or semi-inductive settings, which means the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiaxin Pan , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Osama Mohammed , Daniel Hernandez , Rongchuan Zhang , Cheng Cheng , Steffen Staab

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to alleviate the inherent incompleteness of knowledge graphs (KGs), which is a critical task for various applications, such as recommendations on the web. Although knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Tengfei Ma , Xiang song , Wen Tao , Mufei Li , Jiani Zhang , Xiaoqin Pan , Jianxin Lin , Bosheng Song , xiangxiang Zeng

Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) represent dynamic facts as timestamped relations between entities. TKG completion involves forecasting missing or future links, requiring models to reason over time-evolving structure. While LLMs show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ömer Faruk Akgül , Feiyu Zhu , Yuxin Yang , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in natural language generation but remain limited in knowle- dge-intensive tasks due to outdated or incomplete internal knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dong Li , Yichen Niu , Ying Ai , Xiang Zou , Biqing Qi , Jianxing Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have been widely adopted in contemporary large language models (LLMs) due to their ability to improve generation quality while reducing the required input context length. In this work, we focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianyi Zhang , Andreas Marfurt

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning aims to predict future events from historical facts. A key challenge lies in jointly capturing two sources of predictive information in TKGs: historical evidence and evolutionary dynamics. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Shuai-long Lei , Xiaobin Zhu , Jiarui Liang , Guoxi Sun , Zhiyu Fang , Xu-Cheng Yin

Recently, knowledge graph (KG) augmented models have achieved noteworthy success on various commonsense reasoning tasks. However, KG edge (fact) sparsity and noisy edge extraction/generation often hinder models from obtaining useful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Jun Yan , Mrigank Raman , Aaron Chan , Tianyu Zhang , Ryan Rossi , Handong Zhao , Sungchul Kim , Nedim Lipka , Xiang Ren

Temporal knowledge graph completion (TKGC) has become a popular approach for reasoning over the event and temporal knowledge graphs, targeting the completion of knowledge with accurate but missing information. In this context, tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Ioannis Dikeoulias , Saadullah Amin , Günter Neumann

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are foundational structures in many AI applications, representing entities and their interrelations through triples. However, triple-based KGs lack the contextual information of relational knowledge, like temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Chengjin Xu , Muzhi Li , Cehao Yang , Xuhui Jiang , Lumingyuan Tang , Yiyan Qi , Jian Guo

Modeling time-evolving knowledge graphs (KGs) has recently gained increasing interest. Here, graph representation learning has become the dominant paradigm for link prediction on temporal KGs. However, the embedding-based approaches largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Zhen Han , Peng Chen , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp

This paper investigates the integration of graph neural networks (GNNs) with Qualitative Explainable Graphs (QXGs) for scene understanding in automated driving. Scene understanding is the basis for any further reactive or proactive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Nassim Belmecheri , Arnaud Gotlieb , Nadjib Lazaar , Helge Spieker

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) involves retrieving facts from a Knowledge Graph (KG) using natural language queries. A KG is a curated set of facts consisting of entities linked by relations. Certain facts include also temporal…

Temporal Graph Neural Network (TGNN) has been receiving a lot of attention recently due to its capability in modeling time-evolving graph-related tasks. Similar to Graph Neural Networks, it is also non-trivial to interpret predictions made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Minh N. Vu , My T. Thai

Knowledge is inherently time-sensitive and continuously evolves over time. Although current Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enrich LLMs with external knowledge, they largely ignore this temporal nature. This raises two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiale Han , Austin Cheung , Yubai Wei , Zheng Yu , Xusheng Wang , Bing Zhu , Yi Yang

Graphs neural networks (GNNs) learn node features by aggregating and combining neighbor information, which have achieved promising performance on many graph tasks. However, GNNs are mostly treated as black-boxes and lack human intelligible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Hao Yuan , Jiliang Tang , Xia Hu , Shuiwang Ji

In recent years, the remarkable success of graph neural networks (GNNs) on graph-structured data has prompted a surge of methods for explaining GNN predictions. However, the state-of-the-art for GNN explainability remains in flux. Different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jesse He , Akbar Rafiey , Gal Mishne , Yusu Wang

Many complex real-world systems exhibit inherently intertwined temporal and spatial characteristics. Spatio-temporal knowledge graphs (STKGs) have therefore emerged as a powerful representation paradigm, as they integrate entities,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Philipp Plamper , Hanna Köpcke , Anika Groß

Multivariate time series data typically comprises two distinct modalities: variable semantics and sampled numerical observations. Traditional time series models treat variables as anonymous statistical signals, overlooking the rich semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yifei Sun , Junming Liu , Yirong Chen , Xuefeng Yan , Ding Wang

Temporal Knowledge graph completion (TKGC) is a crucial task that involves reasoning at known timestamps to complete the missing part of facts and has attracted more and more attention in recent years. Most existing methods focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wenjie Xu , Ben Liu , Miao Peng , Xu Jia , Min Peng