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Related papers: LIPEx-Locally Interpretable Probabilistic Explanat…

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Deep learning models achieve remarkable predictive performance, yet their black-box nature limits transparency and trustworthiness. Although numerous explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods have been proposed, they primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Jiarui Li , Zixiang Yin , Samuel J Landry , Zhengming Ding , Ramgopal R. Mettu

Explainable artificial intelligence provides tools to better understand predictive models and their decisions, but many such methods are limited to producing insights with respect to a single class. When generating explanations for several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Kacper Sokol , Peter Flach

Machine learning and especially deep learning have garneredtremendous popularity in recent years due to their increased performanceover other methods. The availability of large amount of data has aidedin the progress of deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Sharath M. Shankaranarayana , Davor Runje

With the wide adoption of black-box models, instance-based \emph{post hoc} explanation tools, such as LIME and SHAP became increasingly popular. These tools produce explanations, pinpointing contributions of key features associated with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Timen Stepišnik Perdih , Nada Lavrač , Blaž Škrlj

Modern machine learning models are complicated. Most of them rely on convoluted latent representations of their input to issue a prediction. To achieve greater transparency than a black-box that connects inputs to predictions, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jonathan Crabbé , Zhaozhi Qian , Fergus Imrie , Mihaela van der Schaar

Understanding black-box machine learning models is crucial for their widespread adoption. Learning globally interpretable models is one approach, but achieving high performance with them is challenging. An alternative approach is to explain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Jinsung Yoon , Sercan O. Arik , Tomas Pfister

A high-velocity paradigm shift towards Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged in recent years. Highly complex Machine Learning (ML) models have flourished in many tasks of intelligence, and the questions have started to shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jacob Dineen , Don Kridel , Daniel Dolk , David Castillo

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in processing and managing unstructured data. However, its "black box" nature imposes significant limitations, particularly in sensitive application domains. While existing interpretable machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wen-Dong Jiang , Chih-Yung Chang , Show-Jane Yen , Diptendu Sinha Roy

While deep learning makes significant achievements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the lack of transparency has limited its broad application in various vertical domains. Explainability is not only a gateway between AI and real world, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Sheng Shi , Yangzhou Du , Wei Fan

A novel evolutionary approach for Explainable Artificial Intelligence is presented: the "Evolved Explanations" model (EvEx). This methodology consists in combining Local Interpretable Model Agnostic Explanations (LIME) with Multi-Objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Iam Palatnik de Sousa , Marley Maria Bernardes Rebuzzi Vellasco , Eduardo Costa da Silva

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned on serialized tabular data are emerging as powerful alternatives to traditional tree-based models, particularly for heterogeneous or context-rich datasets. However, their deployment in high-stakes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Aryan Chaudhary , Prateek Agarwal , Tejasvi Alladi

Machine learning from explanations (MLX) is an approach to learning that uses human-provided explanations of relevant or irrelevant features for each input to ensure that model predictions are right for the right reasons. Existing MLX…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Juyeon Heo , Vihari Piratla , Matthew Wicker , Adrian Weller

The explanation to an AI model's prediction used to support decision making in cyber security, is of critical importance. It is especially so when the model's incorrect prediction can lead to severe damages or even losses to lives and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Zhi Lu , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable success in different areas of machine learning over the past decade; however, the size and complexity of these models make them difficult to understand. In an effort to make them more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Vikram V. Ramaswamy , Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Nicole Meister , Ruth Fong , Olga Russakovsky

Methods for interpreting machine learning black-box models increase the outcomes' transparency and in turn generates insight into the reliability and fairness of the algorithms. However, the interpretations themselves could contain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Yujia Zhang , Kuangyan Song , Yiming Sun , Sarah Tan , Madeleine Udell

Explaining closed-source Large Language Model (LLM) outputs is challenging because API access prevents gradient-based attribution, while perturbation methods are costly and noisy when they depend on regenerated text. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Isaac Picov , Ritesh Goru

The field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to improve the interpretability of black-box machine learning models. Building a heatmap based on the importance value of input features is a popular method for explaining the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Amirhossein Aminimehr , Pouya Khani , Amirali Molaei , Amirmohammad Kazemeini , Erik Cambria

Despite widespread adoption, machine learning models remain mostly black boxes. Understanding the reasons behind predictions is, however, quite important in assessing trust, which is fundamental if one plans to take action based on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Sameer Singh , Carlos Guestrin

Complex machine learning algorithms are used more and more often in critical tasks involving text data, leading to the development of interpretability methods. Among local methods, two families have emerged: those computing importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Gianluigi Lopardo , Damien Garreau

Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) and saliency maps have been recently used to explain the predictions of Deep Learning models, specifically in the domain of text classification. Given different attribution-based explanations to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Wenting Xiong , Iftitahu Ni'mah , Juan M. G. Huesca , Werner van Ipenburg , Jan Veldsink , Mykola Pechenizkiy