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Tremendous success of machine learning (ML) and the unabated growth in ML model complexity motivated many ML-specific designs in both CPU and accelerator architectures to speed up the model inference. While these architectures are diverse,…

Device-edge co-inference, which partitions a deep neural network between a resource-constrained mobile device and an edge server, recently emerges as a promising paradigm to support intelligent mobile applications. To accelerate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Xinjie Zhang , Jiawei Shao , Yuyi Mao , Jun Zhang

Personalization of Large Language Models (LLMs) is important in practical applications to accommodate the individual needs of different mobile users. Due to data privacy concerns, LLM personalization often needs to be locally done at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haoming Wang , Boyuan Yang , Xiangyu Yin , Wei Gao

Linear models are used in online decision making, such as in machine learning, policy algorithms, and experimentation platforms. Many engineering systems that use linear models achieve computational efficiency through distributed systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Jeffrey Wong , Eskil Forsell , Randall Lewis , Tobias Mao , Matthew Wardrop

On-device recommender systems recently have garnered increasing attention due to their advantages of providing prompt response and securing privacy. To stay current with evolving user interests, cloud-based recommender systems are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Xin Xia , Junliang Yu , Guandong Xu , Hongzhi Yin

More and more edge devices and mobile apps are leveraging deep learning (DL) capabilities. Deploying such models on devices -- referred to as on-device models -- rather than as remote cloud-hosted services, has gained popularity because it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Mingyi Zhou , Xiang Gao , Jing Wu , John Grundy , Xiao Chen , Chunyang Chen , Li Li

The communication between data-generating devices is partially responsible for a growing portion of the world's power consumption. Thus reducing communication is vital, both, from an economical and an ecological perspective. For machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Lukas Heppe , Michael Kamp , Linara Adilova , Danny Heinrich , Nico Piatkowski , Katharina Morik

The customization of large language models (LLMs) for user-specified tasks gets important. However, maintaining all the customized LLMs on cloud servers incurs substantial memory and computational overheads, and uploading user data can also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jihwan Bang , Juntae Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Seunghan Yang , Simyung Chang

The QMoE model provides a practical approach for compression of massive Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models. QMoE offers a solution geared towards memory limitations that often reach terabyte scales, and it has the advantage of working with…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jack Cashman , Jiaqi Nie

When deploying deep learning models to a device, it is traditionally assumed that available computational resources (compute, memory, and power) remain static. However, real-world computing systems do not always provide stable resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Elvis Nunez , Maxwell Horton , Anish Prabhu , Anurag Ranjan , Ali Farhadi , Mohammad Rastegari

The recent widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and machine learning in general has sparked research interest in exploring the possibilities of deploying these models on smaller devices such as laptops and mobile phones. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Oluwaseun A. Ajayi , Ogundepo Odunayo

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLM) on mobile devices offers significant potential for medical applications, enhancing privacy, security, and cost-efficiency by eliminating reliance on cloud-based services and keeping sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Leon Nissen , Philipp Zagar , Vishnu Ravi , Aydin Zahedivash , Lara Marie Reimer , Stephan Jonas , Oliver Aalami , Paul Schmiedmayer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized many areas of artificial intelligence (AI), but their substantial resource requirements limit their deployment on mobile and edge devices. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sanjay Surendranath Girija , Shashank Kapoor , Lakshit Arora , Dipen Pradhan , Aman Raj , Ankit Shetgaonkar

Privacy-Preserving machine learning (PPML) can help us train and deploy models that utilize private information. In particular, on-device machine learning allows us to avoid sharing raw data with a third-party server during inference.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xinchi Qiu , Ilias Leontiadis , Luca Melis , Alex Sablayrolles , Pierre Stock

Recent breakthroughs in deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies have enabled numerous mobile applications. While traditional computation paradigms rely on mobile sensing and cloud computing, deep learning implemented on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Yunbin Deng

On-device training has become an increasingly popular approach to machine learning, enabling models to be trained directly on mobile and edge devices. However, a major challenge in this area is the limited memory available on these devices,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Shitian Li , Chunlin Tian , Kahou Tam , Rui Ma , Li Li

The growth of low-end hardware has led to a proliferation of machine learning-based services in edge applications. These applications gather contextual information about users and provide some services, such as personalized offers, through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Akanksha Atrey , Ritwik Sinha , Saayan Mitra , Prashant Shenoy

Upon the significant performance of the supervised deep neural networks, conventional procedures of developing ML system are \textit{task-centric}, which aims to maximize the task accuracy. However, we scrutinized this \textit{task-centric}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Kyung Ho Park , Hyunhee Chung , Soonwoo Kwon

The advancements in machine learning opened a new opportunity to bring intelligence to the low-end Internet-of-Things nodes such as microcontrollers. Conventional machine learning deployment has high memory and compute footprint hindering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Swapnil Sayan Saha , Sandeep Singh Sandha , Mani Srivastava

Multilinear Compressive Learning (MCL) is an efficient signal acquisition and learning paradigm for multidimensional signals. The level of signal compression affects the detection or classification performance of a MCL model, with higher…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Dat Thanh Tran , Moncef Gabbouj , Alexandros Iosifidis